我国中老年慢性病患者抑郁现状及其影响因素分析:基于CHARLS数据实证分析  

Analysis of Depression Status and Influencing Factors in Middle-aged and Elderly Patients with Chronic Diseases in China:an Empirical Analysis Based on CHARLS Data

作　　者：魏萱 王宁 魏颖 陈麒麟 赵洋 WEI Xuan;WANG Ning;WEI Ying;CHEN Qilin;ZHAO Yang(Out-patient Department,Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University,Jinan 250021,China;Health Publicity and Education Center of Shandong Province,Jinan 250002,China;The George Institute for Global Health,University of New South Wales,Sydney 2050,Australia;School of Population and Global Health,University of Melbourne,Melbourne 3010,Australia)

机构地区：[1]山东第一医科大学附属省立医院门诊部,山东省济南市250021 [2]山东省卫生健康宣传教育中心,山东省济南市250002 [3]新南威尔士大学乔治全球健康研究院,澳大利亚悉尼2050 [4]墨尔本大学人口与全球健康学院,澳大利亚墨尔本3010

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2025年第11期1303-1308,共6页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：山东省公共卫生体系建设研究课题项目(GWY202349)。

摘　　要：背景中老年慢性病患者数量庞大,然而目前关于全国范围内大规模中老年慢性病患者抑郁状况及其影响因素的研究较少。目的探讨我国中老年慢性病患者抑郁状况和影响因素,为改善其心理健康状况提供参考依据。方法利用中国健康与养老追踪调查项目(CHARLS)在2020年开展的第五轮全国调查数据,共筛选出12551例中老年慢性病患者作为研究对象,通过抑郁量表(CES-D)测定研究对象的抑郁状况,并用χ^(2)检验和多因素Logistic回归分析探讨影响中老年慢性病患者抑郁状况的主要因素。结果中老年慢性病患者中,有抑郁症状的占40.7%(5111/12551)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:性别(男:OR=0.613,95%CI=0.553~0.680)、年龄(65~<75岁:OR=0.862,95%CI=0.769~0.965;≥75岁:OR=0.604,95%CI=0.510~0.716)、是否有配偶/伴侣共同生活(有:OR=0.730,95%CI=0.648~0.822)、居住地(农村:OR=1.515,95%CI=1.387~1.654)、文化程度(初中:OR=0.727,95%CI=0.657~0.805;高中及以上:OR=0.561,95%CI=0.488~0.646)、社交情况(1项:OR=0.870,95%CI=0.793~0.956;≥2项:OR=0.866,95%CI=0.779~0.963)、子女关系满意度(满意:OR=0.266,95%CI=0.218~0.324)、吸烟(OR=1.131,95%CI=1.014~1.263)、饮酒(OR=0.873,95%CI=0.795~0.959)、夜间睡眠时长(6~<8 h:OR=0.539,95%CI=0.493~0.590;≥8 h:OR=0.443,95%CI=0.396~0.495)、躯体生活自理能力(BADL)(受损:OR=1.875,95%CI=1.692~2.077)、工具性日常生活活动能力(IADL)(受损:OR=2.251,95%CI=2.030~2.496)、慢性病患病数量(2种:OR=1.202,95%CI=1.076~1.342;3种:OR=1.452,95%CI=1.289~1.636;≥4种:OR=1.954,95%CI=1.749~2.183)是中老年慢性病患者抑郁症状的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论中老年慢性病患者抑郁症状发生率为40.7%,情况不容乐观,其抑郁状况受多种因素影响,医疗卫生机构及政策制定者等应关注其心理健康,从个人、家庭、社区等方面采取有针对性的举措进行改善。Background There are a large number of middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases.However,there is currently limited research on the depression status and influencing factors of middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases nationwide.Objective By exploring the depression status and influencing factors of middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases in China,to provide a reference for improving their mental health status.Methods According to the fifth round of national survey data conducted by the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2020,a total of 12551 middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases were selected as the study objects.The depression status of the study objects was measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D),and the main factors affecting the depression status of middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases were analyzed using the chi-square test and multivariate Logistic regression.Results Among middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases,the proportion of those with depressive symptoms was 40.7%(5111/12551).The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that:gender(male:OR=0.613,95%CI=0.553-0.680),age(65-<75 years old:OR=0.862,95%CI=0.769-0.965;≥75 years old:OR=0.604,95%CI=0.510-0.716),presence of spouse/partner living together or not(have OR=0.730,95%CI=0.648-0.822),places of residence(rural:OR=1.515,95%CI=1.387-1.654),educational levels(junior high school:OR=0.727,95%CI=0.657-0.805;senior high school and above:OR=0.561,95%CI=0.488-0.646),social status(1 item:OR=0.870,95%CI=0.793-0.956;≥2 items:OR=0.866,95%CI=0.779-0.963),satisfaction with child relationships(satisfaction:OR=0.266,95%CI=0.218-0.324),smoking(OR=1.131,95%CI=1.014-1.263),alcohol consumption(OR=0.873,95%CI=0.795-0.959),nighttime sleep duration(6-<8 h:OR=0.539,95%CI=0.493-0.590;≥8 h:OR=0.443,95%CI=0.396-0.495),BADL(damaged:OR=1.875,95%CI=1.692-2.077),IADL(damaged:OR=2.251,95%CI=2.030-2.496),number o

关 键 词：慢性病 抑郁 中老年人群 中国健康与养老追踪调查 影响因素分析 

分 类 号：R749.42[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]