中、日、新职业培训促进就业政策比较研究  

Comparative Research on Vocational Training Policies for Employment Promotion in China,Japan and Singapore

作　　者：陈丽君 刘晓雪 CHEN Li-jun;LIU Xiao-xue(School of Educational Science,Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University,Guangzhou 510665,China)

机构地区：[1]广东技术师范大学教育科学学院,广州510665

出　　处：《成人教育》2025年第3期84-93,共10页Adult Education

基　　金：2022年度国家社科基金教育学一般项目“技能型劳动者职业演进轨迹的追踪干预研究”,项目编号为BJA220241。

摘　　要：职业培训是提高劳动者技能水平和就业能力的主要手段,有效的政策可以引领培训方向,保障培训质量以促进就业。选取2005年至2022年中国、日本、新加坡三国18份政策文件,运用Nvivo软件从培训促进对象、促进目标、促进内容、促进方式、培训效果评价和支持举措等方面对政策文本进行编码分析和比较。结果发现,中国和日本最重视培训支持举措,而新加坡最重视培训促进内容。借鉴国外经验,建议我国政策可从拓展职业培训对象,优化培训人员结构;培训内容匹配职业生涯,适应未来产业发展需求;建立多维共管职业资格体系,保障培训效果;强化岗位福利待遇,提供个性化培训支持四个方面进一步优化。Vocational training is the main means to improve the skill level and employability of workers,and effective policies can lead the direction of training and ensure the quality of training to promote employment.Eighteen policy documents from China,Japan and Singapore from 2005 to 2022 were selected,and Nvivo software was used to code,analyze and compare the policy texts in terms of the objects of training promotion,promotion objectives,promotion contents,promotion methods,evaluation of training effects and support measures.The results found that China and Japan emphasize training support measures the most,while Singapore emphasizes training promotion content the most.Drawing on foreign experience,it is suggested that China’s policy can be further optimized in four aspects of expanding the object of vocational training to optimize the structure of trainers;matching the training content with careers to adapt to the needs of future industrial development;establishing a multi-dimensional co-management vocational qualification system to guarantee the effectiveness of training;and strengthening the post and welfare benefits to provide personalized training support.

关 键 词：职业培训 就业促进政策 日本 新加坡 

分 类 号：G71[文化科学—职业技术教育学]