患者来源类器官及异种移植模型在胃癌临床前药物筛选中的研究进展  

Patient-derived organoids and xenograft models in preclinical drug screening for gastriccancer: Recent progress and future perspective

作　　者：许鑫鑫 戴建莉 王倩倩 许威 陈鹏 李洪涛 范瑞芳 XU Xinxin;DAI Jianli;WANG Qianqian;XU Wei;CHEN Peng;LI Hongtao;FAN Ruifang(Department of General Surgery,The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army,Lanzhou 730050,P.R.China;Institute of New Materials and Advanced Manufacturing,Beijing Academy of Science and Technology,Beijing 100089,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]联勤保障部队第九四〇医院普通外科,兰州730050 [2]北京市科学技术研究院新材料与先进制造研究所,北京100089

出　　处：《中国普外基础与临床杂志》2025年第1期114-120,共7页Chinese Journal of Bases and Clinics In General Surgery

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金(项目编号:22JR5RA004);军委后勤科研计划项目(项目编号:20BJZ23);甘肃省科技计划项目-青年科技基金(项目编号:22JR11RA002)。

摘　　要：目的总结患者来源的类器官及肿瘤异种移植模型在胃癌临床前药物筛选中的研究进展,旨在为精准筛选药物提供新的视角并促进个体化医疗和精准治疗在胃癌领域的应用。方法检索患者来源的类器官及肿瘤异种移植模型在胃癌基础研究及临床前药物筛选中研究的相关文献并作一综述。结果患者来源的胃癌类器官与肿瘤异种移植模型均展现出高度的肿瘤生物学模拟能力,具有较高的临床前药物响应准确度,但二者均存在一定局限性。结合二者的优势兴起的基于肿瘤异种移植的类器官模型,有望弥补各自的缺陷,能够较好地反映患者肿瘤的异质性,且在针对胃癌中特定分子靶点(如表皮生长因子受体等)的新型靶向药物评估方面具有独特的优势,表现出与患者实际临床反应一定的相关性,为新药开发、药物作用及耐药机制研究、个体化治疗等开辟新路径。结论患者来源的类器官及肿瘤异种移植模型,作为一种极具潜力的研究平台,在抗肿瘤药物的筛选和个体化医疗策略的研发方面表现出较好的应用前景。Objective To summarize the research progress of patient-derived organoid(PDO)and patientderived xenograft(PDX)models in preclinical drug screening for gastric cancer,aiming to provide a new perspective for precise drug screening and promote the application of personalized medicine and precision medicine for gastric cancer.Method A literature review was conducted on the use of PDO and PDX models in the basic research and preclinical drug screening for gastric cancer.Results The PDO and PDX models of gastric cancer exhibited a higher tumor biological simulation capability and a relatively accurate preclinical drug response prediction.However,they each have some certain limitations.The advent of organoid models based on xenografting,which combines the advantages of both,is expected to compensate for their respective shortcomings.These models can better reflect the heterogeneity of patients’tumors and have unique advantages in the evaluation of new targeted drugs for specific molecular targets in gastric cancer,such as epidermal growth factor receptor.They show a certain correlation with the actual clinical response of patients,paving a new way for the development of new drugs,the study of drug action and resistance mechanisms,and personalized therapy.Conclusion PDO and PDX models,as a highly promising research platform,show a great potential in the screening of anti-tumor drugs and the development of personalized medical strategies.

关 键 词：胃癌 类器官 患者来源的肿瘤异种移植模型 药物筛选 个体化治疗 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]