北京市通州区3~6岁儿童口腔健康相关生活质量及影响因素  

Oral health-related quality of life and associated factors of 3-6 years old children in Tongzhou District of Beijing

作　　者：廖娜 徐名媛 陈雅文 于兴茹 程梦琳 LIAO Na;XU Ming-yuan;CHEN Ya-wen;YU Xing-ru;CHENG Meng-lin(Department of Stomatology,Tongzhou District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Beijing 101100,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市通州区妇幼保健院口腔科,北京101100 [2]首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院

出　　处：《北京口腔医学》2024年第6期415-420,共6页Beijing Journal of Stomatology

摘　　要：目的研究通州区3~6岁儿童口腔健康相关生活质量状况,并探讨其影响因素,为学龄前儿童龋病防治及健康教育提供理论依据。方法调查采用随机整群抽样的方法,在通州区抽取2个幼儿园共446名学龄前儿童,对他们进行口腔检查,使用学龄前儿童口腔健康影响程度量表(ECOHIS)以及儿童口腔健康行为相关问题设置问卷调查,采用卡方分析及logistic回归分析探讨影响学龄前儿童的口腔健康相关生活质量的因素。结果413名儿童符合纳入标准,平均年龄(5.25±0.05)岁,患龋率为53.51%,龋失补牙数(dmft)均值为3.09±0.20。从ECOHIS各条目评分结果看出,对儿童生活质量影响最大的问题是“口腔疼痛”(51.93%),对父母生活质量影响最大的问题是“心理愧疚”(35.02%)。经卡方分析,年龄、dmft、睡前是否吃甜点或甜饮料、家长帮助刷牙的频率、过去一年涂氟次数、过去一年是否看过牙医这些因素与儿童的ECOHIS评分相关。logistic回归分析显示,dmft和睡前是否进食甜点或甜饮料对儿童口腔健康相关生活质量有显著影响。结论患龋状况和睡前是否进食甜点或甜饮料对通州区3~6岁儿童口腔健康生活质量影响显著,因而培养科学的饮食习惯对改善儿童口腔健康相关的生活质量具有重要意义。Objective To evaluate the status of oral health-related quality of life of 3-6 years old children in Tongzhou district and the associated factors.Methods A total of 446 preschool children were selected from 2 kindergartens in Tongzhou District by random cluster sampling.All the subjects received oral examination,and their caregivers received a questionnaire on the early childhood oral health impact scale(ECOHIS)and children’s oral health-related behavior.Results A total of 413 children met the inclusion criteria,the mean age was(5.25±0.05)years old and the caries rate was 53.51%,the mean of decayed,missing and filled teeth(dmft)was 3.09±0.20.The most significant impact on the child impact section was oral pain(51.93%),while the most significant impact on the family impact section was psychological guilt(35.02%).By Chi-square analysis,the factors that had significant influences included age,dmft,whether they ate desserts or sugary drinks before bed,how often parents helped them brush their teeth,how many times they applied fluoride in the past year and whether they had visited a dentist in the past year.Logistic regression analysis showed that caries status and whether to eat desserts or sugary drinks before bed significantly influenced children’s oral health-related quality of life.Conclusions The condition of dental caries and whether to eat desserts or sugary drinks before bedtime have a significant impact on the oral health and quality of life of 3-6 year old children in Tongzhou District.Therefre,it is of great significance to take relevant measures to reduce the prevalence of caries in children and to establish scientific diet to improve the quality of life related to the oral health of children.

关 键 词：儿童 龋齿 口腔健康影响程度量表 生活质量 口腔健康 

分 类 号：R788[医药卫生—口腔医学]