性别刻板印象对重庆市高校非体育专业女大学生体育参与意愿的影响研究  

Influences of Gender Stereotypes on Sports Participation Intention of Non-sports Major Female College Students in Chongqing

作　　者：黄菁[1] 张雨函 HUANG Jing;ZHANG Yuhan(School of P.E.,Southwest Univ.,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学体育学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《武汉体育学院学报》2025年第1期94-102,共9页Journal of Wuhan Sports University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(22XTY008)。

摘　　要：高校女大学生兼具女性与大学生群体的双重性,其体育参与与身心健康逐渐受到社会关注。为缓解女大学生体育参与不足的问题,对1063名重庆市高校非体育专业女大学生进行问卷调查,探究性别刻板印象对女大学生体育参与意愿的影响及其内在机制。研究发现:(1)性别刻板印象显著降低女大学生体育参与意愿。(2)归因方式与自我效能感在性别刻板印象对体育参与意愿的影响路径中发挥并行中介作用。性别刻板印象通过降低积极归因方式、增强消极归因方式进而抑制女大学生的体育参与意愿;性别刻板印象通过削弱自我效能感进而降低女大学生的体育参与意愿,且两种归因方式并未对自我效能感的作用路径产生显著影响。(3)相比于归因方式,自我效能感在性别刻板印象影响女大学生体育参与意愿的中介路径中效用更显著。提出以下建议:(1)营造公平体育文化生态,强化性别平等观念;(2)多措并举优化运动环境,减少消极归因方式;(3)深化体育课堂教学设计,促进自我效能感提升。The sports participation,physical and mental health of the female college students have caught more and more social concern.To research into their insufficient sports participation,a survey was conducted among 1063 non-sports major female students from universities in Chongqing so as to explore into the impact of gender stereotypes on their willingness to participate in sports and the underlying mechanisms involved.It could be seen that gender stereotypes significantly reduced the willingness of the female college students to participate in sports.Attribution style and selfefficacy played a parallel mediating role in the influence path of gender stereotypes on sports participation intention.Gender stereotypes inhibited the female college students'willingness to participate in sports by reducing positive attribution and enhancing negative attribution.Gender stereotypes reduced the female college students'willingness to participate in sports by weakening self-efficacy,and the two attribution methods did not have a significant impact on the pathway of self-efficacy.Compared to attribution styles,self-efficacy played a more significant role in the mediating pathway through which gender stereotypes influenced the female university students'willingness to participate in sports.In view of this,strategies included creating a fair sports culture ecology and strengthening the concept of gender equality,taking multiple measures to optimize the sports environment and reducing negative attribution,deepening P.E.classroom teaching design and enhancing self-efficacy.

关 键 词：性别刻板印象 女大学生 体育参与意愿 归因方式 自我效能感 

分 类 号：G807.4[文化科学—体育训练]