为了“忘却”的身体——在线学习的具身困境与人本转向  

The'Forgotten Body':An Embodied Dilemma and Humanistic Shift in Online Learning

作　　者：刘凯 杨亚亚 贾敏 王泰然 王吉[1] LIU Kai;YANG Yaya;JIA Min;WANG Tairan;WANG Ji(Department of Educational Science,Bohai University,Jingzhou 121013,China;Institute of Artificial General Intelligence of Bohai University,Jingzhou 121013,China;Department of Psychology,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]渤海大学教育科学学院,辽宁锦州121013 [2]渤海大学通用人工智能研究所,辽宁锦州121013 [3]华中师范大学心理学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《开放教育研究》2025年第1期42-52,共11页Open Education Research

基　　金：辽宁省教育科学“十四五”规划课题“AIGC视域下在线学习的具身困境及其人本转向研究”(JG24DB009)。

摘　　要：数智技术的广泛应用,让人们对自主、开放、个性的在线学习充满期待。然而,在技术的遮蔽与侵占下,在线学习系统逐渐暴露出主体性偏误、解释性缺失、能动性消减以及交互性薄弱等问题,导致原本具身化、情景化、个体化、在场化的学习者沦为“数字人”“抽象人”“均值人”和“离场人”。本质上,这种因“认知—身体—技术”关系认识不足导致的问题,需从具身视角出发才能得到消弭。本研究通过构建在线学习的“双链中介”模型,阐述学习者身体与技术共同构成在线学习链式媒介的重要性,强调身体是学习者在数智技术支撑下嵌入学习环境的重要认知介质——技术既是构筑在线学习环境的基础架构,也是连通身体与环境的桥梁。此模型在理论上能作为检验教育技术学理论的“试金石”,或搭建教育学反哺人工智能的“立交桥”;在实践上,基于全新的身体观,以人机协同为目标导向,驱动具身隐喻及根茎演进的路径转向,迈向“人本人工智能”赋能在线学习的未来愿景。The widespread application of digital intelligence technology has raised expectations for autonomous,open,and personalized online learning.However,under the obscuration and encroachment of technology,the online learning system gradually exposes the problems of subjectivity bias:lack of interpretation,decreasing initiatives,and weak interactivity,resulting in the original embodied,situational,individualized,and present learners being comprised to a"digital person","abstract person","average person"and"absent person".Essentially,this problem is originated from a lack of awareness of the"cognition-body-technology"relationship and only from an embodied perspective can we gain a complete understanding of online learning.By constructing the"dual-chain mediation model"of online learning,the study points out that the learner's body and technology constitute the chain mediator of online learning,emphasizing that the body is an cognitive medium for learners to embed into the learning environment.The digital intelligence technology is not only the infrastructure for the online learning environment,but also a bridge connecting the body and the environment.This model has both theoretical and practical implications:Theoretically,it can be used as a"touchstone"to test the theory of educational technology,and to overcome the"stubbornness"of educational technology in the practice.It can also be an"overpass"for the construction of pedagogy to inspire artificial intelligence applications in education.From the theoretical perspective of microhistory,and with human-computer synergy as the guidance,and following the practice path of embodied metaphors and rhizome-evolution study envisions the future of online learning with a strong"humanistic-AI"characteristics.

关 键 词：在线学习 开放教育 远程教育 具身 双链中介模型 人本人工智能 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]