不同农艺措施对西拉葡萄叶片水势和土壤水势的影响  

Effects of Different Agronomic Measures on Blade Water Potential and Soil Water Potential of Grape Syrah

作　　者：党新晨 沈忠义 张一单 宋于洋[3] DANG Xinchen;SHEN Zhongyi;ZHANG Yidan;SONG Yuyang(Xinjiang CITIC Guoan Wine Co.,Ltd.,Manas 832200;Xinjiang Sandland Wine Industry Co.,Ltd.,Shihezi 832000;College of Agriculture,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆中信国安葡萄酒业有限公司,新疆玛纳斯832200 [2]新疆沙地葡萄酒业股份有限公司,新疆石河子832000 [3]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2024年第5期63-68,共6页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划延伸课题(2019YFD1001405-3)

摘　　要：【目的】通过生草、遮阴、交替灌溉三种不同的农艺措施对西拉(Syrah)葡萄的叶片水势和土壤水势进行分析,以确定不同水势对产品质量的影响,为适时定量化灌溉提供科学依据。【方法】以2年相同条件下酿酒葡萄西拉(Syrah)为研究对象,采用行间种植紫花苜蓿、黑色遮阳网、单行双管滴灌交替灌溉这三种措施,对西拉(Syrah)葡萄转色期前后的叶片水势、土壤水势、气孔导度和叶片节位等进行综合研究,最终以采收后理化指标和感官评定作为判定依据确定最佳农艺措施。【结果】交替灌溉措施在叶片水势和土壤水势中表现最为显著,且原料采收后对产品质量有明显提升。【结论】转色期交替灌溉措施土壤水势达到-60~-80 Kpa时宜适量灌水,果实总糖含量达到260 g/L以上采收最佳。Leaf water potential and soil water potential of Syrah grape was analyzed by three different agronomic measures of grass growing,shading and alternate irrigation,so as to determine the influence of different water potential on product quality and provide scientific basis for timely quantitative irrigation.Taking the wine grape Syrah as the research object under the same conditions within 2 years,the leaf water potential,soil water potential,stomatal conductance and leaf node of Syrah grape before and after the color transformation stage were comprehensively studied by using three measures:planting alfalfa between rows,black sunshade net,single row and double pipe irrigation.Finally,the best agronomic measures were determined based on the physical and chemical indexes and sensory evaluation after harvest.The effect of alternate irrigation was the most significant in leaf and soil water potential,and the quality of raw materials was significantly improved after harvesting.The optimal harvest was achieved when the soil water potential was from-60 to-80 Kpa and the total sugar content of fruit was above 260 g/L.

关 键 词：叶片水势 土壤水势 生草 遮阴 交替灌溉 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]