下颌抗阻与呼吸-吞咽协调训练在甲状腺切除伴广泛颈部淋巴结清扫患者中的应用研究  

Application research on mandibular resistance and respiratory-swallowing coordination training in patients undergoing thyroidectomy with extensive neck lymph node dissection

作　　者：张皖生 佘会 汪跃友 赵鸿为 Zhang Wansheng;She Hui;Wang Yueyou;Zhao Hongwei(Lu'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Lu'an 237000,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]六安市中医院,安徽六安237000

出　　处：《医院与医学》2024年第3期26-31,共6页Hospital and Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨下颌抗阻与呼吸—吞咽协调训练模式在甲状腺切除伴广泛颈部淋巴结清扫患者中的应用效果。方法选取2022年10月-2023年10月于六安市某三甲中医院行甲状腺切除伴广泛颈部淋巴结清扫的60例患者为研究对象。使用随机数字表法将患者随机分为实验组和对照组,各30例。试验组在对照组干预措施的基础上进行院内与家庭康复,实施为期30 d的联合下颌抗阻与呼吸—吞咽协调训练模式的预防性吞咽干预;对照组给予常规护理及基础吞咽训练。比较入组前1 d、术后14 d及30 d两组吞咽安全性、洼田饮水实验以及生活质量的差异。结果试验组、对照组共60例完成研究。两组吞咽安全性、洼田饮水实验以及生活质量均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后14 d、30 d实验组各指标均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论下颌抗阻与呼吸—吞咽协调训练通过训练患者下颌抗阻与呼吸吞咽功能,可以有效提升甲状腺切除伴颈部广泛淋巴结清扫患者的吞咽能力,防止误吸发生,提升患者术后生活质量,缩短其康复过程。Objective To explore the effectiveness of a mandibular resistance and respiratory-swallowing co-ordination training model in patients undergoing thyroidectomy with extensive neck lymph node dissection.Meth-ods A total of 60 patients who underwent thyroidectomy with extensive neck lymph node dissection at a tertiary hos-pital in Luan City between October 2022 and October 2023 were selected as the research subjects.Patients were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group using a random number table method,with 30 pa-tients in each group.The experimental group received a 30-day combined preventive swallowing intervention in-volving mandibular resistance and respiratory-swallowing coordination training,performed both in-hospital and at home,in addition to the interventions provided to the control group.The control group received routine nursing care and basic swallowing training.Swallowing safety,Kubota drinking water test results,and quality of life were com-pared between the two groups on the day before enrollment,and at 14 and 30 days post-surgery.Results All 60 pa-tients completed the study.Significant differences in swallowing safety,Kubota drinking water test results,and quality of life were observed between the two groups(P<0.05).At 14 and 30 days post-surgery,all indicators in the ex-perimental group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Mandibular resistance and re-spiratory-swallowing coordination training can effectively improve the swallowing ability of patients undergoing thy-roidectomy with extensive neck lymph node dissection,prevent aspiration,enhance postoperative quality of life,and shorten the rehabilitation process.

关 键 词：预防性吞咽训练 甲状腺切除术 吞咽障碍 康复护理 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]