微塑料和镉单一、复合污染对小麦种子萌发的影响  

Effect of Single and Combined Contamination of Microplastics and Cadmium on Wheat Seed Germination

作　　者：陈苏 侯紫嫣 孙年淞 林小楠 宋玉婷 李林净 CHEN Su;HOU Ziyan;SUN Niansong;LIN Xiaonan;SONG Yuting;LI Linjing(College of Environmental Engineering,Shenyang University,Shenyang 110044,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳大学环境学院,辽宁沈阳110044

出　　处：《沈阳大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期16-24,共9页Journal of Shenyang University:Natural Science

基　　金：2022年度辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目面上项目(LJKMZ20221828)。

摘　　要：为探讨两种不同类型的微塑料(不可降解聚苯乙烯(polystyrene,PS)、生物可降解聚乳酸塑料(polylactic acid,PLA))和镉(cadmium,Cd)以及两者的交互作用对种子发芽的影响,选取小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)种子,采用土培的方式,开展不同质量分数微塑料(PS、PLA质量分数为0.1%、0.5%、1.0%、2.5%、5.0%和10.0%)和镉(Cd质量分数为0.5、2.5、5 mg·kg^(-1))单一及复合污染对小麦种子发芽率、根长和芽长影响的研究。结果表明:PLA和PS单一污染对小麦种子的发芽率没有显著影响;Cd单一污染时,小麦种子根长、芽长表现为“低促高抑”的规律;微塑料和Cd复合污染条件下,10.0%PS与2.5 mg·kg^(-1) Cd复合污染下小麦种子发芽率最低,为80.0%;0.1%PS与0.5 mg·kg^(-1) Cd复合污染条件下对小麦芽长的促进作用最大,此时芽长为0.85 cm;0.1%PLA与2.5 mg·kg^(-1) Cd复合污染时最大程度促进小麦根的生长,该处理组根长为2.39 cm。研究表明,与单一污染相比,两种微塑料与Cd复合污染对小麦种子发芽率和根长的交互影响大多表现为拮抗作用,但PLA与Cd复合污染对小麦种子芽长的影响更大,表现为协同作用。In order to investigate the influence of two different types of microplastics(non-degradable polystyrene(PS),biodegradable polylactic acid plastics(PLA)),and cadmium(Cd)on seed germination,wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)seeds was selected;in the form of soil cultivation,the effects of the two microplastics(mass fractions of PS and PLA were at 0.1%,0.5%,1.0%,2.5%,5.0%,and 10.0%)and cadmium(mass fractions of Cd were at 0.5,2.5 and 5.0 mg·kg^(-1))with single and compound contamination on germination rate,root length and bud length were performed.The results showed that the single pollution of PLA and PS had no effect on the germination rate of wheat seeds;the root length and bud length of wheat seeds showed the law of″low promotion and high inhibition″;under the combined contamination of microplastics and Cd,the germination rate of wheat seeds was the lowest under the combined contamination of 10.0%PS and 2.5 mg·kg^(-1) Cd,which was 80.0%;the combined contamination of 0.1%PS and 0.5 mg·kg^(-1) Cd had the greatest effect on wheat bud length,and the bud length was 0.85 cm;the root growth of wheat was maximized by 0.1%PLA and 2.5 mg·kg^(-1) Cd,and the root length of the treatment group was 2.39 cm.Studies show that combined effect of two microplastics and Cd on wheat seed germination rate and root length shows an antagonistic effect,but PLA and Cd compound contamination has a greater effect on wheat seed shoot length.

关 键 词：微塑料 聚乳酸 镉 小麦 种子发芽 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]