刍议《淮南子·主术训》的治理之道——以君、臣、民三个方面为主  

On the Governance Principles in Huainanzi:Zhu-shu Xun—Mainly Focusing on the Three Aspects of the Monarch,the Ministers,and the People

作　　者：张倍毓 Zhang Beiyu(School of Philosophy,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学哲学学院,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《西部学刊》2025年第1期116-119,共4页Journal of Western

摘　　要：《淮南子·主术训》是专用于论述君主为君之道以及如何驾驭群臣、治理百姓的一卷,其中为君之道强调“无为”的重要性,即人为与不违,认为君主治理天下应在不违背客观规律的前提下积极“力行”,应以道义与德行辅助贯彻“无为”;驭臣之道强调应以法律为术,结合君主独有的“势”以驾驭臣下,通过“用众”与“各尽其责”的用人之策来保证任用贤才的公平性;治民之道以利民与安民的日常之策如重视民生等,强调以民为本的重要性,并指出慎重施加恩惠与暴力中所体现的公平性对治民的积极影响。法治思想在《主术训》中暗含于为君之道、驭臣之道和治民之道中,无不体现其在封建社会以法治民的功利性以及法治公平的理想性。The Huainanzi:Zhu-shu Xun is a volume specifically dedicated to discussing the ways for a monarch to be a ruler and how to control the ministers and govern the people,among them,the way of being a monarch emphasizes the importance of“Wuwei”,that is,taking action without going against the objective laws.It is believed that when a monarch governs the world,he should actively“Lixing”on the premise of not violating the objective laws,and should implement“Wuwei”with the guidance of morality and virtue;the way of controlling the ministers emphasizes that laws should be used as the means,combined with the monarch’s unique“Shi”to control his ministers,and through the employment strategies of“Yongzhong”and“everyone fulfilling their respective responsibilities”,the fairness of appointing the worthy and talented is ensured.The way of governing the people is to adopt daily strategies that benefit the people and pacify the people,such as paying attention to the people’s livelihood,etc,which emphasizes the importance of putting the people first,and points out the positive impact on governing the people of the fairness embodied in the cautious application of favors and violence.The thought of the rule of law is implicitly contained in the way of being a monarch,controlling the minister and governing the people in Zhu-shu Xun,all of which reflect the utilitarian nature of governing the people by law and the ideal of the fairness of the rule of law in the feudal society.

关 键 词：《淮南子·主术训》 无为 君臣异道 以民为本 法治 

分 类 号：B234.4[哲学宗教—中国哲学]