长江三角洲生态系统服务时空格局与权衡关系  

Spatial and temporal distribution of ecosystem services and trade-offs in the Yangtze River Delta

作　　者：闵婕 刘晓煌 肖粤新 李洪宇 雒新萍 王然 邢莉圆 王超[3] 赵宏慧 MIN Jie;LIU Xiaohuang;XIAO Yuexin;LI Hongyu;LUO Xinping;WANG Ran;XING Liyuan;WANG Chao;ZHAO Honghui(Key Laboratory of Coupling Process and Effect of Natural Resource,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100055,China;College of Geography and Remote Sensing Science,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 870000,Xinjiang,China;Integrated Natural Resources Survey Center,China Geological Survey,Beijing 100055,China;Huangshan Observation and Research Station for Land-water Resources,Huangshan 245000,Anhui,China;Changsha Comprehensive Survey Center of Natural Resources,China Geological Survey,Changsha 410600,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源要素耦合过程与效应重点实验室,北京100055 [2]新疆大学地理与遥感科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐870000 [3]中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心,北京100055 [4]黄山水土资源野外科学观测研究站,安徽黄山245000 [5]中国地质调查局长沙自然资源综合调查中心,湖南长沙410600

出　　处：《地质通报》2025年第1期136-149,共14页Geological Bulletin of China

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目《自然资源观测监测一体化技术体系研究》(编号:DD20230514)、《江南丘陵区自然资源与地表基质观测监测评价》(编号:DD20230515);中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心科技创新基金(编号:KC20220015);物化探所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(编号:AS2022P03);水利部黄河流域水治理与水安全重点实验室(筹)研究基金(编号:2023-SYSJJ-09);山西省煤炭地质物探测绘院有限公司地质灾害监测预警与防治山西省重点实验室开放课题(编号:2023-S03)。

摘　　要：【研究目的】生态系统服务关系人类福祉,生态系统服务的可持续供给可为区域生态安全和可持续发展提供保障。【研究方法】基于InVEST模型,结合土地利用类型、归一化植被指数(Normalized Differnce Vegetation Index,NDVI)和气象数据,分析1990—2020年长江三角洲地区植被净初级生产力(Net Primary Productivity,NPP)、土壤保持、生境质量和碳储量4种重要生态系统服务功能的时空分布特征,并识别其热点区域。采用相关系数法,分析长江三角洲地区不同生态系统服务功能与土地利用类型之间的权衡/协同关系。【研究结果】结果表明:①长江三角洲地区的生态系统服务功能具有明显空间异质性,生境质量、水土保持和碳储量呈现出西南高、东北低的空间格局,且生境质量和碳储量的高值沿江分布。1990—2020年,生境质量与碳储量多数提升;土壤保持和植被净初级生产力整体呈现下降趋势,但东部地区有所提高。②1990—2020年,3类热点区(热点区、显著热点区、极显著热点区)所占面积无显著变化,集中分布在西南地区,具有明显的地带性。③土壤保持、碳储量、生境质量之间主要为协同关系,而NPP与碳储量、生境质量、土壤保持主要为权衡关系。为确保当地生态系统的可持续管理,在空间规划中应考虑生态系统服务之间的相互联系,尽量减少权衡效应,提高协同效应。【结论】本次研究聚焦于长江三角洲区域,基于ArcGIS和Geoda,通过整合遥感数据、地理信息数据、社会经济数据等多源数据集,对长三角地区的4项关键生态系统服务(固碳能力、土壤保持、生境质量和植被净初级生产力)进行了全面评估,系统地揭示了长三角地区在格网县域尺度上的生态系统服务空间格局特征,为深入理解和优化该区域的生态系统服务提供了重要依据。[Objective]Valuation of ecosystem services is critical to the sustainable development of a region and human well−being.[Methods]Taking the Yangtze River Delta as the study area,we analysed the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of four important ecosystem service functions,namely,net primary productivity(NPP)of vegetation,soil retention,habitat quality and carbon storage,in the Yangtze River Delta region from 1990 to 2020,based on the InVEST model and combining the land use types,normalised difference vegetation index(NDVI)and meteorological data.The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of four important ecosystem services,namely vegetation net primary productivity(NPP),soil conservation,habitat quality and carbon storage,were analysed from 1990 to 2020,and hotspot areas for the four ecosystem services were identified.The correlation coefficient method was used to analyze the relationship between various ecosystem functions and land use types in the Yangtze River Delta region.[Results]The results show that:①the ecosystem service functions in the Yangtze River Delta region are spatially heterogeneous,with habitat quality,soil and water conservation and carbon storage showing a spatial pattern of"high in the southwest and low in the northeast",while the high values of habitat quality and carbon storage are distributed along the river.During the period 1990−2020,habitat quality and carbon storage services show a trend of"overall increase−local decrease",while soil conservation and vegetation net primary productivity services show a trend of"overall decrease−local increase".②The area occupied by the three types of hotspots(hotspots,significant hotspots and very significant hotspots)in the Yangtze River Delta does not change significantly,and the distribution is obviously zonal,concentrated in the southwest.③In the Yangtze River Delta,there is a synergistic relationship between soil conservation,carbon storage and habitat,and NPP is a trade−off with carbon storage,habitat qu

关 键 词：生态系统服务 InVEST模型 权衡与协同 长江三角洲 

分 类 号：P5[天文地球—地质学] X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]