多环境下花生含油量遗传及QTL定位分析  

Genetic and QTL mapping analysis of oil content in peanut across multiple environments

作　　者：胡朋举 郭颂 宋亚辉[1] 金欣欣[1] 苏俏 杨永庆[1] 王瑾[1] HU Peng-Ju;GUO Song;SONG Ya-Hui;JIN Xin-Xin;SU Qiao;YANG Yong-Qing;WANG Jin(Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding,Shijiazhuang 050035,Hebei,China;College of Agronomy,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所/河北省作物遗传育种重点实验室,河北石家庄050035 [2]河北农业大学农学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《作物学报》2025年第2期324-333,共10页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13);河北省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(HBCT2024040101,HBCT2024040204);河北省现代种业科技创新专项(21326316D);河北省农林科学院基本科研业务费(2024060206)资助。

摘　　要：高油是培育优质花生品种的关键指标之一,揭示多环境下花生含油量的遗传机制,挖掘提升花生含油量的遗传位点,为高油花生育种提供依据。本研究以冀花6号和开选01-6构建的重组自交系(RIL)为材料,在6个环境下对花生含油量进行遗传解析和QTL定位分析。结果显示,RIL群体含油量在6个环境下的偏度和峰度绝对值均小于1,广义遗传率为0.799,表明该群体含油量表型变异主要由多基因数量位点决定。共检测到18个与含油量相关的QTL, LOD值为13.62~22.58,可解释3.18%~14.83%的表型变异,其中qOC_8-1是最稳定的主效QTL,增效基因来源于冀花6号。多环境下QTL联合分析结果显示,共检测到11个与含油量相关的QTL, LOD值为5.59~16.87,可解释2.32%~7.69%的表型变异, 7个QTL增效基因来源于冀花6号, 4个位点的增效基因来源于开选01-6。此外,还检测到9对上位性效应QTL,共涉及13个遗传位点。这些互作QTL位点的LOD值为8.54~10.90,上位性效应QTL对表型贡献率为1.91%~2.55%。综上表明,花生含油量受多个遗传位点调控, qOC_8-1是具有育种价值的QTL,不同遗传位点间存在互作效应。研究结果为今后精细化分子育种工作提供了必要信息。High oil content is a crucial trait for breeding high-quality peanut varieties.Understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying peanut oil content across multiple environments and identifying valuable genetic loci that enhance oil content would provide a strong foundation for developing high-oil peanut cultivars.In this study,a recombinant inbred line(RIL)population,derived from Jihua 5 and Kaixuan01-6,was used for genetic dissection and QTL mapping of oil content across six environments.The results showed that the absolute values of skewness and kurtosis for oil content in the RIL population across the six environments were less than 1,and the broad-sense heritability was 0.799.A total of 18 QTLs were identified,with LOD scores ranging from 13.62 to 22.58,accounting for 3.18%to 14.83%of the phenotypic variation.Notably,qOC_8-1 emerged as the most stable and major QTL,with the increasing allele contributed by Jihua 6.Joint QTL analysis across multiple environments revealed 11 QTLs associated with oil content,with LOD scores ranging from 5.59 to 16.87,explaining 2.32%to 7.69%of the phenotypic variation.Among these,seven additive alleles were derived from Jihua 6,while four were from Kaixuan01-6.Additionally,nine pairs of epistatic QTLs involving 13 loci were detected,with LOD scores ranging from 8.54 to 10.90,contributing to 1.91%to 2.55%of the phenotypic variation.In conclusion,these results indicate that peanut oil content is regulated by multiple genetic loci,with interaction effects between different loci.qOC_8-1 is a particularly valuable QTL for breeding high-oil peanut cultivars.This study provides valuable insights for future precision molecular breeding efforts targeting oil content improvement.

关 键 词：花生 含油量 重组自交系 多环境 QTL 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]