光谱技术在奶制品掺假检测中的应用研究进展  

Application of spectroscopy in the detection of dairy adulteration detection

作　　者：刘瑞 陈巧玲 白李薇薇 LIU Rui;CHEN Qiao-Ling;BAI Li-Wei-Wei(College of Investigation,People’s Public Security University of China,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学侦查学院,北京100083

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2025年第2期52-62,共11页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：中国人民公安大学刑事科学技术双一流创新研究专项(2023SYL06)。

摘　　要：奶制品的安全和质量一直以来都是消费者关注的焦点,然而,令人担忧的是,奶制品掺假现象屡见不鲜,这不仅对消费者的健康构成了潜在威胁,也严重侵害了他们的合法权益。近年来,光谱技术因其高效、快速且非破坏性的特点逐渐崭露头角,成为检测奶制品掺假的重要手段,受到了广泛的关注和应用。本文全面综述了光谱技术在奶制品掺假检测中的应用,涵盖了紫外-可见光谱、近红外光谱、拉曼光谱、原子荧光光谱、X射线荧光光谱、高光谱多种先进技术,并探讨了各类光谱技术的基本原理、优缺点及其在实际检测中的应用效果,如紫外-可见光谱检测三聚氰胺、甲醛等;近红外光谱检测香兰素、尿素等;拉曼光谱检测二聚氰胺、麦芽糊精等;原子荧光光谱检测微量元素、蛋白质类型等;X射线荧光光谱检测乳清、水杨酸等;高光谱检测硫脲、淀粉等(如表1所示)。通过对相关文献的系统分析,本文旨在为奶制品的质量控制和安全检测提供全面而有价值的参考,帮助行业内的专业人士更好地理解和应用这些先进的检测技术,以确保消费者能够享受到安全、优质的奶制品,进而维护他们的健康和权益。The safety and quality of dairy products have long been a focal point of consumer concern.Alarmingly,the prevalence of dairy product adulteration not only poses a potential threat to consumer health but also severely infringes upon their legitimate rights and interests.In recent years,spectral technologies have emerged as a critical tool for detecting dairy adulteration,garnering widespread attention and application due to their efficiency,rapidity,and non-destructive nature.This comprehensive reviewed delves into the application of spectral technologies in the detection of dairy adulteration,encompassing advanced techniques such as near-infrared spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy,and atomic fluorescence spectroscopy.It thoroughly examined the fundamental principles,advantages,and limitations of each spectral technique,along with their practical effectiveness in adulteration detection.For example, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy for detecting melamine and formaldehyde;near-infrared spectroscopy for detecting vanillin and urea;Raman spectroscopy for identifying dicyandiamide and maltodextrin;atomic fluorescence spectroscopy for detecting trace elements and protein types;X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy for analyzing whey and salicylic acid;and hyperspectral imaging for detecting thiourea and starch. By systematically analyzing relevant literature, this paper aims to provide a thorough and valuable reference for quality control and safety inspection in the dairy industry. It is designed to assist professionals in better understanding and utilizing these cutting-edge detection technologies, thereby ensuring that consumers can enjoy safe and high-quality dairy products, ultimately safeguarding their health and rights.

关 键 词：紫外-可见光谱技术 近红外光谱技术 拉曼光谱技术 原子荧光光谱技术 X射线荧光光谱技术 高光谱技术 奶制品掺假检测 

分 类 号：O657.3[理学—分析化学] TS252.7[理学—化学]