生态环境法典的立法体例之思考——基于中华文化天人合一的法哲学视角  

Thinking on the Legislative Structure of the Ecological and Environmental Code——From the Perspective of the Chinese Legal Philosophy of the Unity of Heaven and Humanity

作　　者：余俊[1] 林淑敏 YU Jun;LIN Shumin(School of Law,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241002,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学法学院,芜湖241002

出　　处：《中国国土资源经济》2025年第1期13-22,共10页Natural Resource Economics of China

基　　金：2021年国家社科基金后期资助项目“乡村治理法治化中党的领导制度研究”(21FKSB030)。

摘　　要：生态环境法典的制定,是在法治轨道上促进人与自然和谐共生的体现。生态环境法典的立法体例设计,有必要从继承发扬天人合一优秀传统文化的基础上进一步论证。天人合一的优秀传统文化蕴含着人与自然和谐共生的生命共同体和人类命运共同体的整体生态观,从此视域思考生态环境法典的体例逻辑结构,以山水林田湖草人作为生命共同体的法律保护为主线展开,这与人法地、地法天的天人合一传统文化相吻合。因此,遵循人与自然和谐共生的原则,总则编可以规定人与自然和谐发展的环境权利原则和环境政策影响评价制度,将山水林田湖草人作为生命共同体对待;分则编则分别规定土地法、水法、森林草原法和生物安全法,以及涉外法治编的海洋法、大气法和湿地法等内容,这不仅是对中国优秀传统文化“人法地、地法天”的传承发展,也吸收借鉴了国外优秀的法治文化。The formulation of the ecological and environmental code embodies the promotion of harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature on the track of rule of law.The legislative structure design of the ecological and environmental code needs to be further demonstrated on the basis of inheriting and developing the excellent traditional culture of the unity of heaven and humanity.This traditional culture contains a holistic ecological view of the community of life between humanity and nature,as well as the community of a shared future for mankind.From this perspective,the logical structure of the ecological and environmental code should be framed around the legal protection of the community of life encompassing mountains,waters,forests,fields,lakes,grasslands,and humans,which is consistent with the traditional culture of unity of nature and humanity of"humans follow the laws of the earth"and"the earth follows the laws of heaven."Therefore,adhering to the principle of harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature,the general provisions could stipulate principles of environmental rights based on harmonious development and the environmental policy impact assessment system,treating mountains,waters,forests,fields,lakes,grasslands,and humans as a community of life.The specific provisions could respectively stipulate land law,water law,forest and grassland law,biosafety law,as well as law of the sea,the law of the atmosphere and the law of wetlands in the foreign-related rule of law section.This not only represents the inheritance and development of the traditional Chinese cultural concept of"humans follow the laws of the earth,and the earth follows the laws of heaven"but also draws on excellent foreign legal cultures.

关 键 词：天人合一 生态环境法典 法典化 立法体例 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学] D929[政治法律—法学] F062.1[经济管理—政治经济学]