大型赛事志愿者组织社会化阶段与策略研究  

Organizational Socialization Process and Tactics of Volunteers of Mega-Sporting Events

作　　者：杨茜 郭晴 王宏江 刘欣 YANG Xi;GUO Qing;WANG Hongjiang;LIU Xin(School of Physical Education and Equestrian,Wuhan Business University,Wuhan 430056,China;School of Journalism&Communication,Hangzhou City University,Hangzhou 310015,China;School of Physical Education,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉商学院体育学院·国际马术学院,湖北武汉430056 [2]浙大城市学院新闻与传播学院,浙江杭州310015 [3]杭州师范大学体育学院,浙江杭州311121

出　　处：《体育科学》2024年第11期32-39,共8页China Sport Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(23BTY055)。

摘　　要：赛事志愿者是保障大型赛事顺利运行的重要因素之一。采用深度访谈法,以近年我国举办的三项大型赛事的志愿者及其管理人员为研究对象,探讨赛事志愿者的组织社会化过程和策略。研究发现,大型赛事志愿者组织社会化包括报名、培训与选拔、明确身份与职责、反思4个阶段。大型赛事志愿者组织社会化策略涵盖制度化策略和个体化策略,其中,制度化策略包括价值观传递、指导、正式沟通与奖惩;个体化策略包括非正式沟通、多元认同、非正式合作、轻微逾矩、冲突回避。制度化策略主要用于完成岗位工作,而个体化策略主要用于维护人际关系;在志愿者组织社会化的过程中,制度化策略发挥着基础性作用;而随着社会化深入,个体化策略的重要性显见。Event volunteers play a crucial role in ensuring the operation of mega-sporting events.In this study,in-depth interviews were conducted on volunteers and managers at three mega-sporting events held in China in recent years to delve into the organizational socialization process and tactics of event volunteers.The findings reveal that the process of organizational socialization of event volunteers cover four phases:recruitment,training and selection,identity and responsibility clarification,and reflection.The organizational socialization tactics of mega-sporting event volunteers contain institutionalized tactics and individualized tactics.Institutionalized tactics include value transmission,mentoring,formal communication,and rewards and punishments;individualized tactics encompass informal communication,multiple identities,informal cooperation,minor transgressions,and conflict avoidance.Institutionalized tactics are primarily employed in the work-related tasks,whereas individualized tactics are mainly utilized for the maintenance of interpersonal relationships.During this process,institutional tactics play a fundamental role;as socialization progresses,the significance of individualized tactics becomes increasingly apparent.

关 键 词：组织社会化 大型赛事 志愿者 赛事管理 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]