家庭辅食喂养因素对婴幼儿食物过敏的影响  

Analysis on family complementary food feeding behavior in infants and young children with food allergies

作　　者：孙青[1] 姜迎[2] 张璐[1] 关蕊 李玲[1] SUN Qing;JIANG Ying;ZHANG Lu;GUAN Rui;LI Ling(Clinical Nutrition Department of Children's Hospital of Shandong University,Jinan,Shandong 250022,China;Institute of Food and Nutrition,Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]山东大学附属儿童医院临床营养科,山东济南250022 [2]山东省疾病预防控制中心食品与营养所

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2024年第10期743-747,共5页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：山东省济南市卫生健康委科技发展计划项目(2021-2-100)。

摘　　要：目的对食物过敏婴幼儿的家庭辅食喂养行为进行分析,以便于针对性地开展营养教育。方法选择2021年7月-2022年12月于山东大学附属儿童医院门诊就诊的6~24月龄的148名婴幼儿及其看护人为研究对象,其中食物过敏组65名、无食物过敏组(对照组)83名。通过对看护人进行问卷调查获取婴幼儿基本信息和家庭辅食喂养相关行为,并进行统计学分析。结果食物过敏组首次辅食添加月龄晚于对照组(t=4.762),且在6月龄内多以非纯母乳喂养为主(χ^(2)=15.647),过敏家族史比例高于对照组(χ^(2)=4.015),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组对过敏食物的态度中“易过敏食物是否正常尝试添加”(χ^(2)=21.234)、看护人喂养行为中“每周追着孩子喂食物的天数”(χ^(2)=7.176)、婴幼儿饮食行为中“每周不专心进食(边吃边看电视或玩手机或玩玩具等)的天数”(χ^(2)=6.163)、“每周吃饭时间超过半小时的天数”(χ^(2)=11.326)、“每周孩子挑食的天数”(χ^(2)=8.156)差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论食物过敏婴幼儿的家庭辅食喂养行为中,在看护人对过敏食物的态度、看护人的喂养行为及婴幼儿饮食行为上均存在误区,应加强健康宣教,纠正不合理喂养行为。Objective To analyze the behavior complementary foods feeding in infants and young children with food allergy, so as to carry out more targeted nutritional interventions. Methods Infants and young children aged 6-24 months, along with their caregivers, who visited the Children′s Hospital of Shandong University between July 2021 and December 2022,were selected as the study participants.A total of 148 infants and young children with their caregivers were included in this study, including 65 in the food allergy group and 83 in the control group.Their basic information and related data such as complementary food feeding behavior were obtained through a questionnaire survey, and statistical analysis was performed. Results The time of adding complementary foods in the food allergy group was later than that in the control group(t=4.762),and non exclusive breastfeeding was predominant within 6 months(χ^(2)=15.647).The proportion of family history of allergies in the food allergy group was also higher than that in the control group(χ^(2)=4.015).The above differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Regarding the attitudes toward allergic food, there was a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups in “whether allergenic food were normally attempted to be added”(χ^(2)=21.234).Regarding caregiver behavior, there was a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups in “the number of days per week chasing children to feed food”(χ^(2)=7.176).In the dietary behavior of infants and young children, “the number of days per week that children do not concentrate on eating(watching TV or playing with mobile phones or toys while eating)(χ^(2)=6.163)”,“the number of days that children eat more than half an hour per week(χ^(2)=11.326)”,“the number of days per week that children are picky eaters(χ^(2)=8.156)” were statistically significant different between the 2 groups. Conclusion There are misconceptions about the family complementary feeding behavior of infants and young chi

关 键 词：食物过敏 婴幼儿 辅食添加 喂养 营养 

分 类 号：R174+.6[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]