推覆构造条件下多种因素不同工况边坡稳定性研究  

Study on slope stability under thrust structures and various factors and conditions

作　　者：郑斌 钱兆明 贾明滔[3,4] 李邵东 ZHENG Bin;QIAN Zhaoming;JIA Mingtao;LI Shaodong(China Nonferrous Metal Mining(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100029,China;Kambove Mining SAS,Likasi 999059,Congo(Kinshasa);School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;DIMINE Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国有色矿业集团有限公司,北京100029 [2]刚波夫矿业股份有限公司,上加丹加利卡西999059 [3]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083 [4]长沙迪迈科技股份有限公司,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中国矿业》2025年第1期164-173,共10页China Mining Magazine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目资助(编号:2023YFC2907301)。

摘　　要：受推覆构造影响,露天矿采区内地层分布错综复杂,不同区域的边坡所处的地质条件各不相同。此外,在推覆作用下,地层的变异性大,难以明确底部地层的具体分布特征,在设计边坡角时,不利于确定安全的边坡角,同时也给露天境界设计带来了极大困难。为了保障资源的高效开发,充分利用地层岩体的稳定边坡角,减少露采剥离量,本文以推覆构造地质条件的刚波夫主矿体露天矿为背景,考虑采深、地下水位及断层上盘平台宽度三种因素,设计不同因素组合,再分别考虑工况条件研究方案,对推覆构造条件复杂地质情况下边坡稳定性进行研究。研究结果表明:在采深单因素工况中,边坡安全系数随采深的增大而降低,且降低速率逐渐变缓;当采深大于210 m后,由于露天采坑为漏斗形,随着深度增加,深部边坡在单位高度上的暴露面积减小,下部边坡的坡体对变形起到抑制作用;在地下水单因素工况和断层上盘平台宽度单因素工况条件下,边坡稳定性随工况条件变差而降低;在双因素或多因素影响下,受到各因素的叠加影响,采深与地下水位高度越大,或断层上盘平台宽度越小时,坡脚及整体的变形量越大;最后,通过对优化后的全采区边坡稳定性进行模拟,当折减系数为1.5时,边坡未出现大范围位移情况,边坡稳定性较好。Affected by the thrust structure,the strata in the open-pit mining area are complex and the geological conditions of the slopes in different areas are different.In addition,under the thrust action,the strata are highly variable,making it difficult to clearly define the specific distribution characteristics of the bottom strata.When designing the slope angle,it is not conducive to determine the safe slope angle,and it also brings great difficulties to the boundary.In order to ensure the efficient development of resources,fully utilize the stable slope angle of the geological strata,and reduce the amount of openpit mining and stripping,this paper takes the open-pit mine of the main ore body in Kambove under the geological conditions of the thrust structure as the background,considers three factors:mining depth,groundwater level,and the width of the fault hanging platform,designs different combinations of factors,and considers the working conditions separately to study the slope stability under complex geological conditions of the thrust structure.The results show that in the single factor working condition of mining depth,the slope safety factor decreases with the increase of mining depth,and the rate of decrease gradually slows down.When the mining depth exceeds 210 m,due to the funnel-shaped shape of the open-pit mining pit,as the depth increases,the exposed area of the deep slope per unit height decreases,and the slope body of the lower slope plays a restraining role in deformation.Under the single factor conditions of groundwater and the width of the fault hanging wall,the stability of the slope decreases with the deterioration of the working conditions.Under the influence of dual or multiple factors,and influenced by the superposition of various factors,the greater the mining depth and groundwater level,or the smaller the width of the fault hanging wall,the greater the deformation at the foot of the slope and overall.Finally,by simulating the stability of the optimized full mining area slope,it is found that w

关 键 词：推覆构造 边坡稳定性 采深 地下水位 断层 

分 类 号：TD853.34[矿业工程—金属矿开采]