多尺度复合涤纶织物的制备及其水分传递性能  

Preparation of multi-scale composite polyester fabrics and their water transmission properties

作　　者：林万里 吴是甬 祝成炎[1] 田伟[1] 李雅 LIN Wanli;WU Shiyong;ZHU Chengyan;TIAN Wei;LI Ya(College of Textile Science and Engineering(International Institute of Silk),Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学纺织科学与工程学院(国际丝绸学院),浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《毛纺科技》2025年第1期16-23,共8页Wool Textile Journal

基　　金：浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LQ21E030016);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2021M692866)。

摘　　要：为了改善涤纶的疏水性,拓展涤纶织物的应用场景,采用静电纺纱技术在涤纶芯纱外包覆聚丙烯腈(PAN)亚微米纤维以构建多尺度复合涤纶纱,进而织造成多尺度复合涤纶机织物;同时利用静电纺丝技术在涤纶织物一侧沉积PAN亚微米纤维,并通过热压技术将纤维和织物进行一体化处理,得到多层级多尺度复合涤纶织物。随后对多尺度复合织物的水分传递性能进行深入分析。结果显示,多尺度复合涤纶纱的力学性能主要由芯纱涤纶决定,其芯吸能力和浸润速率均优于传统涤纶纱线,在线密度为28.12 tex时芯吸高度达到51 mm,在59.05 tex时60 s内即可达到浸润平衡状态。此外,机织多尺度复合涤纶织物均可在15 s内实现浸润平衡,而多层级多尺度复合涤纶织物则能在38 s内完成液体的单向传输,展现了良好的反渗透性能。To improve the hydrophobicity of polyester and broaden its applications in textiles,electrospinning technology was utilized to coat polyacrylonitrile(PAN)nanofibers onto the outer surface of polyester core yarns,thus forming multi-scale composite polyester yarns.These yarns were then woven into corresponding multi-scale composite polyester fabrics.Simultaneously,PAN nanofibers were deposited on one side of the polyester fabric through electrospinning,followed by hot pressing to integrate fibers and fabric to form multi-layered,multi-scale composite polyester fabrics.Subsequently,an in-depth analysis was conducted on the water transfer performance of these multi-scale composite fabrics.The results indicated that the mechanical properties of the multi-scale composite polyester yarn were primarily determined by the core polyester yarn,while their wicking ability and wetting rate surpassed those of traditional polyester yarns.At 28.12 tex,the wicking height reached 51 mm,and at 59.05 tex,the wetting equilibrium was achieved within 60 s.Furthermore,the woven multi-scale composite polyester fabric could reach wetting equilibrium within 15 s,while the multi-layered,multi-scale composite polyester fabric could achieve unidirectional liquid transmission within 38 s and exhibited good reverse osmosis performance.

关 键 词：涤纶 多尺度 复合纱 纳米纤维 水分传递 

分 类 号：TS156[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]