从陶瓷生产中心到文化创意旅游地--知识视角下的景德镇传统手工艺当代复兴与创新  

From Ceramic Production Center to Cultural Creative Destination:.Contemporary Revival and Innovation of Traditional Handicraft in Jingdezhen from a Knowledge Perspective

作　　者：钟迪茜 卢颖 罗秋菊[2,3] ZHONG Dixi;LU Ying;LUO Qiuju(School of Tourism Management,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China;School of Tourism Management,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China;Instiute of Guangdong,Hong Kong and Macao Development Studies,Sun Yat sen Universit,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学旅游管理学院,广东广州510006 [2]中山大学旅游学院,广东珠海519082 [3]中山大学粤港澳发展研究院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2025年第1期87-101,共15页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“景德镇国家陶瓷文化传承创新试验区发展研究”(20@ZH036);国家自然科学基金青年项目“虚拟蜂鸣与全球蜂鸣的交互:虚实空间耦合下的会展知识扩散机制研究--基于临时产业集群视角”(42101230);国家自然科学基金面上项目“舒适地方的生成机制研究:一种文旅实践的逻辑转向”(42471257)共同资助。

摘　　要：保护和发展是我国非遗传承的重要维度,如何在传承性保护的基础上走向创新性发展仍待探索。景德镇以手工制瓷闻名于世,明清时期曾创造世界陶瓷工艺巅峰,后因守旧而陷入沉寂。然而,当今的景德镇从陶瓷生产中心转向文化创意旅游地,实现了手工制瓷从复兴到创新的飞跃。手工制瓷是一种地方性知识,文章以知识视角切入,结合39人次访谈与二手资料,解析景德镇手工制瓷的当代复兴与创新过程。研究发现,20世纪90年代的仿古瓷热潮推动了地方性知识复现,随后大众旅游发展促进了地方性知识外化。但这一阶段手工制瓷停留于古法制瓷的传承,知识生产局限在地方性知识的内循环。直至2000年,“学院派”艺术家的到来为景德镇注入现代艺术理论和创新理念,构建了地方性知识与外部知识交织碰撞的知识生产外循环。如今,景德镇形成了浓厚的地方艺术创新氛围(即本地蜂鸣),激活了本土创新意识,引发了地方性知识重构。知识内外双循环机制推动景德镇手工制瓷从本土工匠主导的工艺复兴,走向多方参与凸显艺术创作的创新性发展。文章为具有传统手工艺资源的旅游地转型发展文化创意旅游梳理了典型案例,凝练了传统手工艺的创新机理,具有理论与实践意义。Protection and development are important aspects in preserving China’s intangible heritage,but it is unclear how to achieve innovation based on protection.Jingdezhen is world-famous for its handmade ceramics.During the Ming and Qing dynasties,Jingdezhen reached its apex in handmade ceramic craftsmanship.However,in the late Qing dynasty,the level of ceramic craftsmanship in Jingdezhen began to decline owing to conservatism.Today,however,Jingdezhen has transformed from a ceramic production center into a cultural creative destination,having achieved a leap from revival to innovation with handmade ceramics.The technique of handmade ceramics in Jingdezhen is unique,consisting of 72 procedures and requiring cooperation among multiple craftspeople.The techniques and cooperation constitute local knowledge.This study applies knowledge management as a theoretical perspective:it analyzes revival and innovation in Jingdezhen’s handmade ceramics using 39 interviews and rich secondary data.We found that the boom in traditional production in the 1990s triggered the revival of local knowledge in Jingdezhen.The market demand for traditional ceramics has put outstanding craftsmanship in short supply,driving local craftspeople to continuously study and reproduce old ceramic techniques,once again highlighting local knowledge.Subsequently,the rise of mass tourism has underlined the importance of labor and techniques related to handmade ceramics through words,images,and practical demonstrations,which have promoted the externalization of local knowledge.Currently,however,handmade ceramics has focused on preserving traditional production techniques,and knowledge development is limited to the internal circulation of local knowledge.From the early 2000s,artists,art lovers,and tourists of various types have been attracted to Jingdezhen.Academics have brought modern art theory and innovative ideas to Jingdezhen,creating a cycle of knowledge production in which local and external knowledge have intertwined and interacted.Today,Jingdezhen

关 键 词：传统手工艺 创新性发展 地方性知识 文化创意 景德镇 

分 类 号：F59[经济管理—旅游管理]