考虑运动副间隙的机械传动机构退化建模及可靠性评估  

Degradation modeling and reliability estimation of a mechanical transmission system considering the clearance between kinematic pairs

作　　者：孟铂森 张露予[1,2] 王嘉 白光晗 陶俊勇[3] MENG Bosen;ZHANG Luyu;WANG Jia;BAI Guanghan;TAO Junyong(State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China;College of Intelligence Science and Technology,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点实验室,天津300401 [2]河北工业大学电气工程学院,天津300401 [3]国防科技大学智能科学学院,长沙410073

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2025年第2期312-320,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4702100);国家自然科学基金(72001069);河北省优秀青年基金(E2021202094);天津市自然基金重点项目(21JCZDJC00730,22KPHDRC00240);河北省教育厅资助科研项目(BJK2023031)。

摘　　要：传动机构是机电系统动力传递与再分配的核心部件,其健康状态直接影响整个系统的运动精度和稳定性。随着机电系统服役工况日趋复杂化和精细化,传动机构经历频繁变载、变速影响,其运动副间隙处零部件不仅经历自身磨损、疲劳等自然劣化过程,运动中的碰撞-分离也以随机冲击的形式对其性能造成影响,且该影响与传动机构的退化状态、服役时间相互耦合,为机构可靠性评估增加了难度。该研究提出一种考虑运动副间隙影响的传动机构退化与冲击模型,针对传动机构的退化特点,将其自然退化过程分为跑合阶段、稳定退化阶段和快速退化阶段,基于变换Gamma过程建立了各阶段的退化模型;根据运动副零件碰撞-分离过程对机构的影响将其分为致命冲击和损伤冲击,考虑不同退化阶段冲击发生频率和对机构影响的差异分别构建了随机冲击模型;在此基础上,推导出可靠度函数的解析表达式,并通过曲柄摇杆机构旋转副退化试验进行了验证。结果表明,该研究提出的考虑运动副间隙影响的退化与冲击模型能够更好地模拟传动机构的退化规律,获得更为准确的可靠性评估结果。The transmission mechanism is the core component for power transmission and redistribution in electromechanical systems,and its health status directly affects the motion accuracy and stability of the entire system.As electromechanical systems become complex and sophisticated in-service conditions,the transmission mechanism experiences time-varying load and speed,the kinematic pairs suffer from not only natural deterioration process such as wear,fatigue etc.,but also are affected by collision-separation process during movement.A degradation and shock model was proposed for transmission mechanisms considering the correlation of multiple factors.The natural degradation process was divided into the running-in stage,stable degradation stage,and fast degradation stage based on the characteristics of the transmission mechanism considering the service time and health status of the mechanism and at each stage the degration model was built by transformed Gamma process.Random shocks were categorized into fatal and non-fatal shocks according to the intensity and impact of the collision-separation process on the mechanism.On this basis,an analytical expression of the reliability function was derived,and the model was validated through degradation tests of the crank rocker mechanism’s rotating pair.The results show that the proposed degradation and shock model considering the influence of multiple factors can obtain a more accurate reliability.

关 键 词：可靠性 随机冲击 性能退化 接触碰撞 运动副间隙 

分 类 号：TG156[金属学及工艺—热处理]