基于SRAP分子标记和农艺性状的大球盖菇种质资源遗传多样性分析  

Genetic diversity analysis of Stropharia rugosoannulata germplasm resources based on SRAP molecular markers and agronomic traits

作　　者：詹美蓉 严胜泽 罗情情 王圣铕 谢婷 王爱琴 陆欢[2] 王瑞娟 ZHAN Mei-rong;YAN Sheng-ze;LUO Qing-qing;WANG Sheng-you;XIE Ting;WANG Ai-qin;LU Huan;WANG Rui-juan(Institute of Edible Fungi,Sanming Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Innovative Utilization for Mountain Area,Sanming,Fujian 365509,China;Institute of Edible Fungi,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi/Key Laboratory of Edible Fungal Resources and Utilization(South),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National Edible Fungi Germplasm Resource Bank(Shanghai),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai,Shanghai 201403,China)

机构地区：[1]三明市农业科学研究院食用菌研究所/福建省(山区)作物遗传改良与创新利用重点实验室,福建三明365509 [2]上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所/国家食用菌工程技术研究中心/农业农村部南方食用菌资源利用重点实验室/农业农村部国家食用菌种质资源库(上海)/上海市农业遗传育种重点实验室,上海201403

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2024年第12期3563-3573,共11页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：福建省支持设区市农科院所建设专项(2023N0049);三明市科技计划项目(2022-N-8);上海市农业遗传育种重点实验室开放项目(KFKT2024-05)。

摘　　要：【目的】综合评价大球盖菇菌株的农艺性状及遗传多样性,筛选出适宜在福建三明地区栽培的优质菌株,为大球盖菇育种及其开发利用提供参考依据。【方法】通过ITS序列分析、拮抗试验及SRAP分子标记对收集的17株大球盖菇菌株进行遗传多样性分析,分别测定子实体长度、菌盖直径、菌盖厚度、菌柄上端直径、菌柄下端直径及单朵重等农艺性状后,采用相关分析和主成分分析对大球盖菇的农艺性状进行分析。【结果】ITS序列分析证实,17株供试菌株均为大球盖菇,在进化关系上分属于三大分支;拮抗试验结果表明,具有拮抗反应的培养组合共有87组,无拮抗反应的培养组合有49组,即大球盖菇菌株间存在较大差异性;17株大球盖菇菌株的遗传相似系数为0.66~0.92,遗传背景较丰富;当遗传相似系数为0.79时,17株大球盖菇菌株可分为六大类(I~VI)。不同农艺性状的遗传多样性指数(H')均大于1.50,变异系数为14.29%~47.82%。其中,单朵重的变异系数最大(47.82%),产量的变异系数较小(14.29%),说明大球盖菇农艺性状存在丰富的变异,具有高的遗传多样性。相关分析发现,培养皿菌丝形态与培养皿菌丝生长速率呈显著负相关(r=-0.565)(P<0.05,下同),与栽培袋菌丝形态、产量呈极显著正相关(r=0.772和r=0.664)(P<0.01,下同);培养皿菌丝生长速率与产量呈显著负相关(r=-0.524);栽培袋菌丝形态与产量呈极显著正相关(r=0.721)。主成分分析结果表明,第一主成分(PC1)的贡献率为50.768%,其特征向量较高的农艺性状是子实体长度和产量;第二主成分(PC2)的贡献率为38.729%,其特征向量较高的农艺性状是菌盖直径和菌柄上端直径。【结论】大球盖菇D-3菌株的菌丝生长均匀、浓密,生长速率较快,产量高且稳定,子实体菌柄粗壮,整体商品性好,可作为大球盖菇品种选育亲本,适宜在福建三明地区推广种植。【Objective】To comprehensively evaluate the agronomic traits and genetic diversity of Stropharia rugosoannulata strains,and screen out high-quality strains suitable for cultivation in Sanming,Fujian,which could provide reference for S.rugosoannulata breeding and its development and utilization.【Method】The genetic diversity of 17 strains of S.rugosoannulata was analyzed by ITS sequence analysis,antagonistic test and SRAP molecular marker.The agronomic traits such as fruiting body length,pileus diameter,pileus thickness,diameter of upper stipe,diameter of lower stipe and single weight were measured respectively.The agronomic traits of S.rugosoannulata were analyzed by sampling correlation analysis and principal component analysis.【Result】ITS sequence analysis confirmed that 17 strains were all S.rugosoannulata,which belonged to 3 branches in the evolutionary relationship.The results of antagonistic test showed that there were 87 groups of culture combinations with antagonistic reaction and 49 groups of culture combinations without antagonistic reaction,that was,there were great differences among S.rugosoannulata strains.The genetic similarity coefficient of 17 S.rugosoannulata strains was 0.66-0.92,and the genetic background was rich.When the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.79,the 17 strains of S.rugosoannulata could be divided into 6 categories(I-VI).The genetic diversity index(H')of different agronomic traits was greater than 1.50.Among them,the coefficient of variation of single weight was the largest(47.82%),and the coefficient of variation of single yield was small(14.29%),indicating that the agronomic traits of S.rugosoannulata had abundant variation and high genetic diversity.Correlation analysis showed that the mycelium morphology was significantly and negatively correlated with the mycelium growth rate in cultivation plates(r=-0.565)(P<0.05,the same below),and mycelium morphology was extremely significantly and positively correlated with the mycelium morphology and yield in cultivation bags

关 键 词：大球盖菇 种质资源 SRAP分子标记 农艺性状 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S646.19[农业科学—蔬菜学]