微藻光合转化甲酸生产蛋白质的研究  

Photosynthetic Conversion of Formate to Produce Protein by Microalgae

作　　者：郑伟杰 邢蒙蒙 江静 王旺银 曹旭鹏[1] 李灿[1,2] ZHENG Weijie;XING Mengmeng;JIANG Jing;WANG Wangyin;CAO Xupeng;LI Can(State Key Laboratory of Catalysis,Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Dalian 116023,China;School of Chemical Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Chemistry and Materials Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大连化学物理研究所催化基础国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [2]中国科学院大学化学科学学院,北京100049 [3]中国科学技术大学化学与材料科学学院,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《食品与生物技术学报》2024年第11期71-79,共9页Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology

基　　金：国家“十四五”重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3401802);国家自然科学基金项目(21878285);国家自然科学基金委“人工光合成”基础科学中心项目(22088102)。

摘　　要：蛋白质是重要的食品原料,其高质量稳定供应对提升人民生活水平和保证国家粮食战略安全至关重要。目前中国对蛋白质的进口依存度较高,急需高效的非粮来源高品质蛋白质的生产技术。近年来莱茵衣藻(Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, C. reinhardtii)作为一种显著增长的可食用蛋白质资源受到广泛关注,但其主要以乙酸为碳源进行异养发酵,无法利用其光合作用在绿色生物制造方面的优势。作者利用CO_(2)清洁能源还原产物甲酸作为强化碳源,探索甲酸提高C. reinhardtii光合生产效率的可行性。基于HCOO^(-)对光合活性的抑制作用,以叶绿素荧光动力学参数为依据,通过逐步提升培养基中HCOO^(-)浓度,获得HCOO^(-)耐受浓度达到150 mmol/L的驯化藻株。在50~150 mmol/L的HCOO^(-)下,驯化藻株的光系统Ⅱ的最大量子产率(Fv/Fm)以及光合作用相关的多不饱和脂肪酸的质量分数维持稳定。在相同培养条件下,接近于乙酸添加的培养效率,蛋白质的质量分数为30%~35%,达到或超过常规衣藻乙酸发酵产品的蛋白质质量分数。该研究在人工光合杂化高效转化CO_(2)的背景下,提供了一种以甲酸为原料快速生产C. reinhardtii蛋白质的技术路线,也为绿色生物制造提供了一种新的技术选择。该研究所获得的高浓度HCOO^(-)耐受藻株,为探索光合活性调控机制提供了理想的研究对象。Protein is a crucial nutrient for human beings,and its stable and high-quality supply is the key to improving people’sliving standards and ensuring national food security.Currently,due to the high dependence on imported protein,there is a pressing need for new technologies to produce high-quality protein through non-food approaches.A promising candidate is the green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii(C.reinhardtii),which has shown potential for producing dietary protein through fermentation on acetate.However,this method ignores the advantage of photosynthesis in green bio-manufactory.Here,the author demonstrated the feasibility of utilizing formate,one of the products of CO_(2) reduction driven by clean energy,to enhance the photosynthetic production-of C.reinhardtii.To eliminate the serious inhibition of HCOO on photosynthetic activity,the author employed adaptive lab evolution with the guide by chlorophyll fluorescence dynamic parameters and obtained a-domesticated stain capable of growing under as high as 150 mmol/L HCOO.With the addition of 50~150 mmol/L HCOO^(-),the strain maintained stable the maximum quantum yield of PSⅡ(Fv/Fm),preserved a consistent fatty acid profile,and achieved a growth rate similar to acetate addition in batch cultures.Moreover,the protein-content of biomass obtained with HCOO was 30%~35%,comparable to or even higher than that of commercial fermentation on acetate.This work provides a novel green approach for non-food sourced protein production through artificial-natural hybrid photosynthesis.Furthermore,the high HCOO^(-)-tolerant strain serves as an excellent model to investigate the regulation of photosynthesis.

关 键 词：人工光合成 莱茵衣藻 甲酸 蛋白质 绿色生物制造 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]