新晃汞矿区土壤汞污染的植物修复试验研究  

Experimental Study on Phytoremediation of Soil Mercury Pollution in Xinhuang Mercury Mining Area

作　　者：王赵国 谌宏伟[1] 魏元泵 蔡雪璨 Wang Zhaoguo;Chen Hongwei;Wei Yuanbeng;Cai Xuecan(School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Hu'nan,410114;Ecological Geological Survey&Monitoring Insitute of Hu'nan,Hu'nan,410119)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学水利与环境工程学院,湖南410114 [2]湖南省生态地质调查监测所,湖南410119

出　　处：《当代化工研究》2025年第1期96-98,共3页Modern Chemical Research

基　　金：湖南省地质院科研项目“含汞废渣堆放场土壤重金属污染的联合生态修复技术——以新晃汞矿为例”(项目编号:19430102002343)。

摘　　要：针对湖南新晃汞矿土壤汞污染问题,开展了土壤汞污染本土植物与螯合剂联合修复试验,研究本土植物及植物-螯合剂联合除汞的效果和机理,为汞矿区土壤汞污染修复提供植物修复技术支撑。在野外调查的基础上,优选野蒿、鬼针草、蜈蚣草和悬钩子开展室内种植试验,并以草酸、柠檬酸和苹果酸为螯合剂。定期监测植物生长状况、环境温度、土壤pH值及土壤汞含量,采用汞富集系数和汞转运系数对比评价各类植物的汞富集能力。结果表明,在种植单一植物时,各植物对汞的富集转运能力为蜈蚣草>野蒿>悬钩子>鬼针草。在添加螯合剂后,悬钩子+7.5 mmol/L草酸、鬼针草+7.5 mmol/L柠檬酸和鬼针草+7.5 mmol/L苹果酸组合效果改善明显。分析认为,单一植物条件下,蜈蚣草可作为土壤汞污染修复的首选植物;蜈蚣草+2.5 mmol/L草酸、蜈蚣草+2.5 mmol/L柠檬酸和悬钩子+7.5 mmol/L草酸可作为土壤汞污染修复的组合技术。Aiming at the problem of soil mercury pollution in Xinhuang Mercury Mine in Hu'nan Province,a combined remediation experi-ment of soil mercury pollution by native plants and chelating agents was carried out to study the effect and mechanism of mercury removal by native plants and plant-chelating agents,and to provide technical support for phytoremediation of soil mercury pollution.On the basis of field investiga-tion,artemisia lavandulaefolia,bidens pilosa,pteris vittata and rubus mongolicus were selected for indoor planting experiment,and oxalic acid,cit-ric acid and malic acid were used as chelating agents.The growth status of plants,environmental temperature,soil pH value and soil mercury con-tent were monitored regularly,and the mercury enrichment ability of various plants was evaluated by comparing the mercury enrichment coefficient and mercury transport coefficient.The results showed that under the condition of planting a single plant,the enrichment and tran sportation ability of each plant to mercury was pteris vittata>artemisia lavandulaefolia>rubus mongolicus>bidens pilosa.After adding chelating agent,the combi-nation of rubus+7.5 mmol/L oxalic acid,bidens+7.5 mmol/L citric acid and bidens+7.5 mmol/L malic acid was the best.Comprehensive analysis shows that under the condition of single plant,pteris vittata can be used as the preferred plant for soil mercury pollution remediation.Pteris vittata+2.50 mmol/L oxalic acid,pteris vittata+2.5 mmol/L citric acid and rubus mongolicus+7.5 mmol/L oxalic acid can be used as a combination tech-nology for soil mercury pollution remediation.

关 键 词：土壤 汞污染 本土植物 联合修复 新晃汞矿 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]