基于激光和视觉的点位竖向位移测量方法  

A Vertical Displacement Measurement Method Based on Laser and Photogrammetry

作　　者：庞赞 杜庄 覃磊 唐敏[2] PANG Zan;DU Z huang;QIN Lei;TANG Min(Qushou Branch of China South-to-North Water Diversion Co.,Ltd.,Nanyang 473132,China;School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]中国南水北调集团中线有限公司渠首分公司,河南南阳473132 [2]武汉大学遥感信息工程学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《测绘地理信息》2024年第5期79-83,共5页Journal of Geomatics

基　　金：南水北调中线渠首分公司资助项目(NSBDZX/QS/YW/GC-2022-022)

摘　　要：位移监测是评估桥梁、隧道及边坡等大型结构体变形状态的主要技术手段,准确的位移监测数据为大型结构体安全运营维护提供科学的依据。本文提出一种基于激光和摄影测量的点位竖向位移测量方法,研制了集成激光和CMOS传感器的数据采集装置,能够接收和发射具有一定方向的激光光束;利用视觉技术将采集到的激光光斑变化转化为待测点的点位竖向位移。实验表明该方法的点位测量误差不超过0.06 mm,能够满足大多数变形监测工程的需要。相对于现有方法,该方法具有较好的竖向位移传递性,可以用于距参考点远距离的点位竖向位移测量,特别适用于隧道、涵洞等狭窄空间的变形监测。Displacement monitoring is the major way to evaluate the deformation status of large structures such as bridges,tunnels,and slopes.Accurate displacement monitoring data provides a scientific basis for the safe operation and maintenance of large structures.This paper proposes a method for measuring vertical displacement based on laser and photogram-metry.This method has developed a data acquisition device that integrates laser and CMOS sensors,which can receive and emit laser beams with a certain direction.And convert the collected laser spot change into the vertical displacement of the point based on computer vision.The experiment shows that measurement error of this method is less than 0.06mm,which can meet the needs of most deformation monitoring projects.Compared with the existing methods,this method has better vertical displacement transmissibility,and can be used to measure the vertical displacement of points far from the reference point,especially for deformation monitoring of tunnels,culverts and other narrow spaces.

关 键 词：竖向位移量测 激光光斑提取 摄影测量 计算机视觉 

分 类 号：P232[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]