潜能与现实——菲洛珀努斯与普罗克鲁斯关于世界永恒性的争论  

Dunamis and Energeia:the controversy over the Eternity of the World between Philoponus and Proclus

作　　者：陈宁馨 Chen Ningxin

机构地区：[1]中国美术学院

出　　处：《哲学门》2024年第2期237-252,共16页Beida Journal of Philosophy

摘　　要：在基督教哲学和古希腊哲学的历史性对抗中,“世界有无开端”的宇宙论议题是一个至关重要的争论点。双方对于这一问题的讨论汗牛充栋,其中,“世界有开端则将暗示神的潜能性”是来自柏拉图主义的一个经典的归谬论证。菲洛珀努斯与普罗克鲁斯的论争充分展现了这一论证的正反双方的立场与思路,并揭示出对这个问题的回答需要回到亚里士多德的“潜能性/现实性”概念。本文将带着“世界是否永恒”的问题返回亚里士多德关于“潜能/现实”的形而上学说,细致分析普罗克鲁斯与菲洛珀努斯对这对概念的使用,澄清双方分别在何种程度上符合,又在何种意义上背离了亚里士多德思想的原意。笔者力图证明,从普罗克鲁斯和菲洛珀努斯的争论返回到亚里士多德的概念体系,将帮助我们更好地理解这场争论的问题实质,并试图说明,在这个具体的议题背后,古希腊哲学和基督教哲学关于神的理解究竟存在何种根本分歧。Whether the world is eternal or has beginning is one of the most important issues of dispute between Ancient Greek philosophy and Christian philosophy.Among the immense number of discussions on this issue,that the world has a beginning implies the potentiality of God is a classical reductio ad absurdum argument from Platonism.The debate between Philoponus and Proclus shows both sides of this argument,and the answer to this question requires a return to Aristotle's concepts of dunamis/energeia.In this essay,the author will return to Aristotle's metaphysics of dunamis/energeia with the question of whether the world is eternal,analyze in detail the use of this pair of concepts by Proclus and Philoponus,and clarify to what extent each side conforms to and departs from Aristotle's original conception of dunamis/energeia.The author seeks to demonstrate that a return to Aristotle's conceptual system will help us better understand the debate between Philoponus and Proclus and,as well as the fundamental difference between ancient Greek and Christian philosophical understandings of God.

关 键 词：普罗克鲁斯 菲洛珀努斯 永恒论 创造论 潜能性/现实性 

分 类 号：B502[哲学宗教—外国哲学] B978