新能源车企创新与消费者购买的行为差异研究——基于政府补贴有效性视角  

Research on the Differences in Innovation and Consumer Purchasing Behavior Among New Energy Vehicle Enterprises

作　　者：李娜 孙龙 Li Na;Sun Long(School of Economics,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433,China;School of Management,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学经济学院,上海200433 [2]复旦大学管理学院,上海200433

出　　处：《工业技术经济》2025年第2期15-24,共10页Journal of Industrial Technology and Economy

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“数字化赋能专精特新企业创新韧性的塑造机制及提升路径研究”(项目编号:24YJC630187);上海市“科技创新行动计划”软科学研究项目“数智赋能上海专精特新企业创新韧性研究:塑造机制、提升路径及助推策略”(项目编号:24692108000);中国博士后科学基金第76批面上资助(项目编号:2024M760467)。

摘　　要：本文基于契约理论的视角,将补贴视为政府为企业与消费者提供的“契约”,构建政府补贴与车企和消费者的演化博弈模型,探讨补贴退坡的现实下新能源汽车产业的发展道路。研究发现,政府与企业、政府与消费者各存在两种演化稳定策略:(1)政府没有对企业创新进行补贴激励时,企业选择传统方式生产;(2)政府对企业进行补贴时,企业选择科技创新;(3)政府没有对消费者购买进行补贴激励时,消费者选择新能源汽车;(4)政府对消费者进行补贴时,消费者购买传统汽车。其中“政府对企业进行补贴且企业选择科技创新”“政府没有补贴而消费者选择新能源汽车”两个稳定策略更能实现社会福利最大化,据此提出政策建议。From the perspective of contract theory,this paper regards subsidies as the“contract”provided by the government for enterprises and consumers.Construct an evolutionary game model between government subsidies and new energy vehicle enterprises and consumers,and explores the development path of the new energy vehicle industry under the reality of subsidy reduction.The results show that:there are two evolutionary stable strategies between government and enterprises,government and consumers:(1)when the government does not subsidize enterprise innovation,enterprises choose traditional production mode;(2)when the government subsidizes enterprises,enterprises choose technological innovation;(3)when the government does not subsi⁃dize consumers to purchase,consumers choose new energy vehicles;(4)when the government does not subsidize enterprises,enterprises choose technological innovation When the government subsidizes consumers,consumers buy traditional cars.Among them,“the government subsidizes enterprises and enterprises choose scientific and technological innovation”,“the government does not subsidize but consumers choose new energy vehicles”two stable strategies can achieve the maximization of social welfare.

关 键 词：契约理论 政府补贴 新能源汽车 演化博弈 消费者购买 企业创新 行为差异 委托-代理理论 

分 类 号：F224.32[经济管理—国民经济] F272.3