3~9岁儿童日常饮食行为与肥胖的相关性研究  

Study on the Correlation Between Daily Diet Behavior and Obesity in Children Aged 3 to 9 Years

作　　者：王鸣鹤 王晨宇 张海平 崔家璇 王俊 马欣 WANG Minghe;WANG Chenyu;ZHANG Haiping;CUI Jiaxuan;WANG Jun;MA Xin(The Clinical Medicial College of Jining Medical University(Affiliated Hospital),Jining 272000,China)

机构地区：[1]济宁医学院临床医学院(附属医院),山东济宁272000

出　　处：《食品安全导刊》2025年第3期124-127,共4页China Food Safety Magazine

基　　金：济宁医学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目(cx2024237z)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨济宁市3~9岁儿童日常饮食行为与肥胖之间的关系以及家长对儿童肥胖相关知识的认知情况,为有效干预和改善儿童肥胖问题提供思路。方法:采用整群抽样法,对济宁市幼儿园和小学3~9岁儿童的家长开展问卷调查,并利用SPSS统计软件进行数据处理与分析。结果:摄入较多快餐、膨化食品、甜食等高热量食物在肥胖组与正常组儿童中差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),增加叶类蔬菜的摄入和减少主食的摄入可以起到一定预防儿童肥胖的作用;平均用餐时间为26~35 min对应的肥胖儿童占比最低;13.287%的家长了解5种以上由儿童肥胖引起的健康问题,27.972%的家长了解5种以上儿童肥胖的影响因素。结论:3~9岁儿童的日常饮食行为与肥胖的发生存在显著相关性,不良的饮食行为可增加肥胖发生的风险。因此,需要进一步加强对儿童的营养教育,引导儿童饮食行为合理化,并针对存在肥胖风险的个体采取饮食干预措施,以降低儿童肥胖率。Objective:To explore the relationship between daily dietary behavior and obesity in children aged 3 to 9 in Jining city,as well as parents’awareness of knowledge related to childhood obesity,in order to provide ideas for effective intervention and improvement of childhood obesity.Method:A cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among parents of 3 to 9 year old children in kindergartens and primary schools in Jining city,and SPSS statistical software was used for data processing and analysis.Result:There was a statistically significant difference(P<0.05)in the intake of high calorie foods such as fast food,puffed foods,and sweets between the obese group and the normal group of children.Increasing the intake of leafy vegetables and reducing the intake of staple foods can play a certain role in preventing childhood obesity;the proportion of obese children with an average meal time of 26 min to 35 min is the lowest;13.287%of parents are aware of five or more health problems caused by childhood obesity,and 27.972%of parents are aware of five or more factors affecting childhood obesity.Conclusion:There is a significant correlation between the daily dietary behavior of children aged 3 to 9 and the occurrence of obesity,and poor dietary behavior can increase the risk of obesity.Therefore,it is necessary to further strengthen nutrition education for children,guide them to rationalize their dietary behavior,and adopt dietary intervention measures for individuals at risk of obesity to reduce the obesity rate in children.

关 键 词：儿童肥胖 饮食行为 预防干预 儿童保健 社会调查 

分 类 号：R723.14[医药卫生—儿科]