中国高校考古文博人才培养的观察与思考  

Observations and Reflections on the Cultivation of Archaeological and Museological Talents in Higher Education Institutions of China

作　　者：张颖岚 魏泽辰 刘骋[1] Zhang Yinglan;Wei Zechen;Liu Cheng(School of Art and Archaeology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310028,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学艺术与考古学院,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《中国文化遗产》2025年第1期86-93,共8页China Cultural Heritage

摘　　要：随着我国考古文博事业蓬勃发展,对考古文博人才的需要也与日俱增,加之“文博热”引发青少年对考古文博领域日益增长的兴趣,相关高校也在积极思考如何高质量培养考古文博人才。本文统计分析全国110所开设有考古文博相关专业的高校或研究机构,在地区分布、层次分布、学科体系、培养体系、课程体系、就业情况,以及“行业+高校”联动人才培养模式等方面的现状。基于潜在的培养体系不贯通、培养结构不平衡、课程体系不交叉、地方特色不突出、就业情况不理想等问题,提出未来高校考古文博人才培养“多元化面向”“多层次结构”“多维度体系”“多学科交叉”“多主体办学”和“多模式考核”等目标面向,应妥善处理高校文博人才培养中学科标准与高校特色、理论知识与实践技能、专业聚焦与学科交叉、夯实基础与实际应用等关系,以形成特色鲜明、梯队合理、高校与行业共建共享的高质量考古文博人才培养体系。This paper collects information from the official websites of various universities nationwide,using keywords such as“archaeology”and“cultural relics and museology”to search and extract relevant information.A statistical analysis is conducted to summarize and draw conclusions regarding the status of the 110 universities and research institutions that offer programs related to archaeology and museology across aspects like regional distribution,hierarchical structure,disciplinary systems,cultivation systems,curriculum systems,employment conditions,and the“industry+university”linked talent cultivation model.On one hand,the number of universities offering programs in archaeology and museology has increased,with unique characteristics in their disciplinary systems,curriculum frameworks,and cultivation models.On the other hand,there are several issues such as the disconnection of potential cultivation systems,imbalances in the cultivation structure,lack of interdisciplinary coursework,insufficient emphasis on local characteristics,and unsatisfactory employment conditions.Therefore,this paper,guided by these issues,proposes future objectives for the cultivation of archaeological and museological talents in universities,including diverse orientations,multilevel structures,multidimensional systems,interdisciplinary integration,multi-stakeholder collaboration,and multiple assessment models.Furthermore,it is essential to properly address the relationships between disciplinary standards and university characteristics,theoretical knowledge and practical skills,specialized focus and interdisciplinary integration,and strengthening foundational skills while emphasizing practical application,in order to establish a high-quality talent cultivation system for archaeology and museology that is distinctive,wellstructured,and collaboratively built and shared between universities and the sector.This paper expands previous research in three aspects.First,it systematically and comprehensively collects information and data on u

关 键 词：考古学 文物与博物馆学 文物学 学科建设 人才培养 高等教育 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学]