饲用氨基酸的生物合成与产业化应用  

Biosynthesis and Industrial Application of Feed Amino Acids

作　　者：姚斌 徐欣欣[2] 张杰 罗会颖 YAO Bin;XU Xinxin;ZHANG Jie;LUO Huiying(Institute of Animal Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Biotechnology Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193 [2]中国农业科学院生物技术研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第1期1-14,共14页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1302200);中国农业科学院重大科技任务(CAAS-ZDRW202304)。

摘　　要：饲用氨基酸在低蛋白质饲粮配合技术中的应用既能保障动物的营养需求,又能提高养殖经济效益,同时还具有显著的环境保护效应,在现代集约化养殖中具有广阔的应用前景。生物技术的进步推动了氨基酸生产效率的提升和成本的降低,使得合成氨基酸在饲料行业的应用更加广泛和可行。本文介绍了当前在饲料行业中已广泛应用的饲用合成氨基酸种类及功能研究进展,综述了重要饲用氨基酸(赖氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸和亮氨酸)在大肠杆菌或谷氨酸棒杆菌中的生物合成途径,详细阐述了重要饲用氨基酸生产菌株遗传改良的代谢工程策略,并在展望中提出了未来饲用氨基酸生产菌株工程化改造的方向。The application of feed amino acids in low-protein diet formulation technology not only ensures the nutritional needs of animals and enhances the economic benefits of breeding,but also has significant environmental protection effects.It holds broad application prospects in modern intensive breeding.Advances in biotechnology have enhanced the efficiency of amino acid production and reduced costs,making the application of amino acids in the feed industry more widespread and feasible.This paper introduces the types and functional research progress of feed amino acids that are currently widely used in the feed industry.It reviews the biosynthetic pathways of important feed amino acids(lysine,threonine,tryptophan,isoleucine,valine and leucine)in Escherichia coli or Corynebacterium glutamicum cells,elaborates on the metabolic engineering strategies for genetic improvement of feed amino acid-producing strains,and discusses future directions for the engineering and modification of feed amino acid production strains.

关 键 词：低蛋白质饲粮 氨基酸 生物制造 合成途径 菌株改良 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]