陕北白绒山羊几种非常规饲料营养成分、体外发酵参数和酶活性研究  

Study on Nutritional Composition,in Vitro Fermentation Parameters and Enzyme Activity of Several Unconventional Feeds for Shaanbei White Cashmere Goats

作　　者：李陇平[1] 吴仪 王旭辉 杜媛媛 曹萌霜 李托 屈雷[1] 李强[2] LI Longping;WU Yi;WANG Xuhui;DU Yuanyuan;CAO Mengshuang;LI Tuo;QU Lei;LI Qiang(Shaanxi Province Engineering&Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goat,Yulin University,Yulin 719000,China;College of Life Sciences,Yulin University,Yulin 719000,China)

机构地区：[1]榆林学院陕西省陕北绒山羊工程技术研究中心,榆林719000 [2]榆林学院生命科学学院,榆林719000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第1期603-616,共14页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：榆林市科技局产学研项目(2023-CXY-174,CXY-2022-54);陕西省重点研发计划(2017NY-078);榆林学院横向课题(H2024060115,H2023060244)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在通过研究几种非常规饲料营养成分、体外发酵参数和酶活性,筛选适宜陕北白绒山羊高效利用的非常规饲料资源。试验测定柳枝稷、菊芋秸秆、葵花头、沙打旺、马铃薯秧、花生秧、羊草和玉米秸秆的常规营养成分、相对饲用价值(RFV)和有效能值,结合体外发酵产气试验,测定产气量、甲烷产量、发酵参数和发酵液酶活性等指标,进行综合营养价值评价。结果表明:1)葵花头和沙打旺粗蛋白质(CP)含量极显著高于其他6种饲料(P<0.01),菊芋秸秆和马铃薯秧粗灰分(Ash)和钙含量极显著高于其他6种饲料(P<0.01),羊草中性洗涤纤维(NDF)(玉米秸秆除外)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量极显著高于其他7种饲料(P<0.01)。2)菊芋秸秆干物质采食量(DMI)极显著高于其他7种饲料(P<0.01),葵花头总可消化养分(TDN)含量以及RFV和相对牧草品质(RFQ)最高,羊草DMI(玉米秸秆除外)、TDN含量以及RFV和RFQ极显著低于其他7种饲料(P<0.01)。3)葵花头和沙打旺消化能(DE)、代谢能(ME)和增重净能(NEg)极显著高于其他6种饲料(P<0.01)。4)各种饲料72 h发酵累积产气量由高到低依次为葵花头>菊芋秸秆>沙打旺>柳枝稷>玉米秸秆>羊草>花生秧>马铃薯秧,花生秧和马铃薯秧甲烷产量极显著高于其他6种饲料(P<0.01)。5)菊芋秸秆发酵液pH极显著高于其他7种饲料(P<0.01);菊芋秸秆、马铃薯秧和葵花头发酵液氨态氮(NH 3-N)含量极显著高于其他5种饲料(P<0.01);花生秧、马铃薯秧和葵花头发酵液微生物蛋白(MCP)含量较高;花生秧、葵花头和菊芋秸秆发酵液乙酸含量较高;柳枝稷发酵液乙酸/丙酸值最低;葵花头发酵液总挥发性性脂肪酸含量最高。6)花生秧发酵液α-淀粉酶、葵花头发酵液胰蛋白酶、沙打旺发酵液纤维素酶以及菊芋秸秆发酵液果胶酶活性均分别显著高于其他7种饲料(P<0.05),柳枝稷、羊草、玉米秸秆和花生秧发酵液脂肪�The aim of this experiment was to screen the suitable and efficient unconventional feed resources for Shaanbei white cashmere goats by studying the nutritional composition,in vitro fermentation parameters and enzyme activity of several unconventional feeds.The conventional nutrient composition,relative feeding value(RFV)and effective energy values of Panicum virgatum,Jerusalem artichoke straw,sunflower head,Astragalus adsurgens,potato vine,peanut vine,Leymus chinensis and corn straw were determined in this experiment.Combined with in vitro fermentation gas production test,the gas production,methane production,fermentation parameters and enzyme activity in fermentation liquid were determined to evaluate the comprehensive nutritional value.The results showed as follows:1)the crude protein(CP)content in sunflower head and Astragalus adsurgens was extremely significantly higher than that in the other six feeds(P<0.01),the contents of crude ash(Ash)and calcium in Jerusalem artichoke straw and potato vine were extremely significantly higher than those in the other six feeds(P<0.01),and the contents of neutral detergent fiber(NDF)(except for corn straw)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)in Leymus chinensis were extremely significantly higher than those in the other seven feeds(P<0.01).2)The dry matter intake(DMI)of Jerusalem artichoke straw was extremely significantly higher than that in the other seven feeds(P<0.01),the total digestible nutrient(TDN)content,RFV and relative forage quality(RFQ)of sunflower head were the highest,and the DMI(except for corn straw),TDN content,RFV and RFQ of Leymus chinensis were extremely significantly lower than those of the other seven feeds(P<0.01).3)The digestible energy(DE),metabolic energy(ME)and net energy for gain(NEg)in sunflower head and Astragalus adsurgens were extremely significantly higher than those in the other six feeds(P<0.01).4)The cumulative gas production of all feeds at 72 h from high to low was sunflower head>Jerusalem artichoke straw>Astragalus adsurgens>Panicum virgatum

关 键 词：陕北白绒山羊 非常规饲料 营养价值 评价 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]