“文笔之辨”的发生与转向——基于晋宋变局中贵族处境与文化演变之考察  

The Emergence and Turn of the"Discrimination of Wen and Bi"-A Study into the Aristocratic Situation and Cultural Evolution in the Context of the Changes During the Jin and Song Dynasties

作　　者：朱佑伦 Zhu Youlun

机构地区：[1]江西财经大学人文学院

出　　处：《励耘学刊》2024年第2期1-19,308,共20页

基　　金：江西省高校人文社科基金青年项目“阶层互动与南朝贵族文学研究”,项目编号:ZGW22203。

摘　　要：“文笔之辨”的发生、发展与贵族阶层的处境和文化演变密切相关。在门阀贵族势力全盛的东晋,“文”“笔”出于实用目的产生分目,但两者地位悬殊,不具备“文笔之辨”的条件。晋宋之际政治社会变化剧烈,皇权崛起带来的政治文化需求使“笔”体重要性凸显;以经史博学为文化标志的次等贵族依附皇权崛起,与传统高门在政治、社会、文化等方面展开激烈斗争,成为“文笔之辨”发生的背景。传统高门迫于压力转变心态,将“笔”纳入贵族文化潮流,“笔”与“文”一样成为广义“文”的一部分。“文笔之辨”演变为广义文学概念下不同类型的区分,关注重心从公家私人的性质差异转向有韵无韵的形式区别。The emergence and development of the"discrimination of Wen and Bi"are closely connected to the circumstances of the aristocratic stratum and the cultural evolution.In the Eastern Jin Dynasty,"Wen"and"Bi"emerged for practical purposes since the influence of the aristocracy was at its peak.However,given their disparate positions,the necessary conditions for the"discrimination of Wen and Bi"were not present.During the transition period from the Eastern Jin to the Song,there was a profound shift of political and social landscape,as such,the rise of imperial authority alongside its cultural demands highlighted the significance of the"Bi"style.Marked by extensive knowledge in classical studies,the emergence of a lesser nobility aligned itself with the rising imperial authority,engaging in intensive struggles with the traditional high-born aristocracy in political,social,and cultural spheres,prepared the stage for the emergence of the"discrimination of Wen and Bi".Under the pressure,the traditional highborn aristocracy shifted their mindset,incorporating"Bi"into aristocratic cultural trends."Bi"became,similar to"Wen",a component of the broader interpretation of literature.The evolution of the""discrimination of Wen and Bi"transformed into distinctions among various types under the broader concept of literature,shifting the focus from the nature differences between official and private writings to the formal distinctions between those with and without rhyme.

关 键 词：文笔之辨 晋宋之际 贵族文化 六朝文学 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]