治体与道:论《宋文鉴》的选文宗旨与文道关系  

Politics and Tao:On the Selected Purposes of Song Wenjian and the Relationship Between Literature and Taoism

作　　者：徐子敬 Xu Zijing

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学人文学院

出　　处：《励耘学刊》2024年第2期97-112,311,共17页

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“明人别集稿抄本搜集、整理与研究”,项目编号:15ZDB073。

摘　　要：吕祖谦编刊《宋文鉴》之争议,本质是由吕氏“君臣共治”的文治思想与传统馆阁士人相左引起的。吕氏治道思想继承自北宋元祐之学,以下学上达的学术宗旨建构起宋代治体。吕氏选文贯彻“由经入史”“由史入文”的学术思路,将六经史学化、文学化,并效法孔子删定六经,欲以诗文传承北宋治道。吕祖谦的选文思路被后世广泛继承。宋六家古文典型的确立彰显出北宋集政事、学术、文章于一体的士人精神,其也被后世尊为文道合一的典型范式。《宋文鉴》中君权礼制与臣子谏议内容并举,成为君臣共治的象征,被浙学、理学等学派在总集编纂方面广为借鉴。从治道视域下考察吕氏《宋文鉴》的选文思想,能够进一步理解吕祖谦弥合“周程、欧苏之裂”的学术内涵。The controversy over the compilation of Song Wenjian by Lv Zuqian is essentially caused by the contradiction between Lv's thought of"co-ruling by the king and the subject"and the traditional Guan Ge scholars.Lv's thought of governance inherited the study of Yuanyou Period of the Northern Song Dynasty,and constructed the governance system of the Song Dynasty based on the academic purpose of"proceeding from the elementary to the profound".Lv carried out the academic thinking of"from classics to history"and"from history to literature",and made the six classics historiography and literature,and copied Confucius to delete and edit the six classics,and passed on the rule of the Northern Song Dynasty with poetry.Lv Zuqian's thoughts on the selection of texts have been widely inherited by later generations.The establishment of the six ancient literary models of Song Dynasty shows the spirit of scholars in the Northern Song Dynasty,which integrates political affairs,academic studies and articles,and is respected as a typical model of the integration of literature and Taoism.The juxtaposition of monarchial power,ritual system,and ministerial remonstrance in the Song wenjian became a symbol of"co-govermnance by monarch and his ministers"and was widely borrowed by the Zhejiang School,the Neo-Confucian School and other schools in the compilation of anthology.From the perspective of governance and Taoism,we can further understand the academic connotation of Lv Zuqian's bridging the gap between"Zhou Cheng and Ou-Su"in the Song Wenjian.

关 键 词：《宋文鉴》 治道 吕祖谦 宋孝宗 士人精神 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]