抗日战争时期儿童报刊的社会动员——以《儿童世界》为中心的考察  

Social Mobilization of Children's Newspapers and Magazines During the War of Resistance Against JapaneseAggression-A Study Centered on Children's World(Er Tong Shi Jie)

作　　者：张雨童 Zhang Yutong

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学初等教育学院

出　　处：《励耘学刊》2024年第2期295-307,317,共14页

基　　金：重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学重点研究基地项目“抗战大后方儿童报刊与爱国教育研究”,项目编号:20JD045。

摘　　要：抗战时期,中国社会对儿童的角色期望发生转变,认为儿童可以被动员起来,承担与成人类似的责任。以《儿童世界》为代表的儿童刊物,尝试从情感、观念和知识等方面引导儿童参与到抗战中来。“服用国货”“儿童募捐”使“抗战”初步进入儿童的日常生活,在儿童与“国家”之间建立起情感联结;“国耻记忆”和“时事教学”使儿童从时间和空间两个维度建立国族认同;“国防教育”和“童子军教育”使儿童获得参与抗战必要的军事知识。《儿童世界》的动员活动得到了其他儿童刊物的效仿,对国民政府的动员活动起到了促进作用。媒体和官方共同促成了对儿童的全面动员,推动战时儿童完成了主体身份建构。During the Anti-Japanese War period,Chinese society's expectations of children's roles shifted.Children can be mobilized to take on responsibilities similar to those of adults.Children's publications,represented by Children's World,attempted to guide children to participate in the war of resistance in terms of emotions,concepts and knowledge.The"taking of national goods"and"children's fundraising"initially brought the"war of resistance"into children's daily life and established an emotional link between children and the"country".The"memory of national Shame"and"teaching of current affairs"enabled children to establish national identity in both time and space;"National defense education"and"scout education"enabled children to acquire the necessary military knowledge to participate in the war of resistance.The mobilization activities of Children's World were followed by other children's publications and contributed to the mobilization activities of the national government.Together,the media and the government contributed to the comprehensive mobilization of children and the completion of the construction of children's identity during the war.

关 键 词：抗战 儿童报刊 社会动员 《儿童世界》 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]