中心视角与边缘地带——英国学派的非殖民化研究  

Examining the Periphery from the Center:Decolonization Studies in the English School

作　　者：孙启龙 Sun Qilong

机构地区：[1]吉林大学,130012

出　　处：《国际政治研究》2024年第6期89-111,共23页The Journal of International Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金中国历史研究院重大历史问题研究专项重大招标项目“大国兴衰的历史逻辑、规律与国际秩序演进研究”(项目编号:22VLS015);国家社会科学基金中国历史研究院重大历史问题研究专项重大招标项目“世界历史进程中的国际体系研究”(项目编号:23VLS031)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：英国学派将非殖民化置于国际社会理论体系中考察,认为非殖民化是帝国正当性丧失和主权国家规范确立的过程,标志着西方殖民式国际社会向全球性国际社会的转型,推动了国际关系理论的发展。同时,英国学派强调非殖民促进了全球国际社会的文化多元化,削弱了欧洲国际社会,使全球国际社会的根基较为薄弱。因而,英国学派的非殖民化研究体现出一种强烈的中心—边缘倾向。一方面,英国学派尝试从国际社会视角对边缘国家的非殖民化进程展开探讨,关注非殖民化与国际秩序和正义之间的关系,希望消除全球国际社会的等级制和不公平,但对非西方国家历史和施动性的忽略,导致其又陷入中心主义的矛盾中;另一方面,基于欧洲国际社会全球扩展的逻辑论述非殖民化,英国学派将“失败国家”和“脆弱国家”的出现归因于非殖民化,更加剧了英国学派的“欧洲中心主义”倾向。因此,在英国学派非殖民化研究中,不断交错着中心与边缘的矛盾与张力。The English School has placed decolonization within the theoretical system of International Society and considers it to be a process in which empires lost legitimacy and the norms of the sovereign state were established,marking the transformation of the Western colonial international society into a Global International Society.This conceptualization has promoted the development of international relations theories.At the same time,the English School emphasizes that decolonization promoted cultural pluralism in the Global International Society,weakened the European International Society,and left the Global International Society with a weak foundation.As a result,decolonization studies in the English School reflects a strong center-periphery tendency.On the one hand,the English School tries to explore the decolonization process of peripheral countries from the perspective of the International Society with a focus on the relationship between decolonization and international order and justice.English School scholars hope to eliminate the hierarchy and inequality of the Global International Society,but the neglect of the history and mobility of non-Western countries has led to a Westerncentrism.On the other hand,the English School's Eurocentric tendency is exacerbated in that it discusses decolonization from the logic of the global expansion of the European International Society and attributes the emergence of"failed states"and"fragile states"to decolonization.As a result,the contradictions and tensions between the center and the periphery are constantly intertwined in the decolonization studies of the English School.

关 键 词：国际关系理论 非殖民化 英国学派 国际社会 边缘地带 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]