自然营力作用下黄土高边坡水分迁移与变形监测研究  

Study on Monitoring of Water Migration and Deformation of Loess High Slope Under Natural Forces

作　　者：刘涛 LIU Tao(China Railway 22nd Bureau Group 2nd Engineering Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100043,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁二十二局集团第二工程有限公司,北京100043

出　　处：《铁道建筑技术》2025年第1期64-68,101,共6页Railway Construction Technology

基　　金：中铁二十二局集团有限公司科技研发项目(24-17C)。

摘　　要：西北黄土地区由于气候环境的变化,对黄土路堑边坡的建设及运营服役带来严重影响。以黄土高边坡实际工程为背景,基于监测数据,分析全年日降雨量、气温和风速风向变化,研究土体温度场、体积含水率、孔隙水压力、边坡深部横向累积位移随时间变化规律,明晰运营阶段防控措施。结果表明:随着土体深度的增加,温度变化曲线逐渐平缓,且均存在“滞后效应”;长期自然营力作用下,体积含水率和孔隙水压力影响深度处于0.6~0.9 m,浅层土体体积含水率和孔隙水压力变化过程具有明显的季节性特点;极端降雨时,体积含水率随时间呈“等待启动—缓慢增长—保持稳定”三个阶段,而孔隙水压力传感器开始发生变化时间更晚,增长时间更短;边坡深部横向累积位移沿深度整体呈减小趋势,深度2 m范围为主要扰动区。Due to the change of climate environment in loess area in northwest China,the construction and operation of cutting slope of loess have been seriously affected.Based on the actual project of loess high slope and monitoring data,the annual daily rainfall,air temperature and wind speed and direction changes are analyzed,and the soil temperature field,volume water content,pore water pressure and lateral cumulative displacement at deep depth of slope are studied over time to clarify the prevention and control measures in the operation stage.The results show that the temperature curve gradually flattens with the increase of soil depth,and there is a“hysteresis effect”.Under the long-term action of natural forces,the influence depth of volume water content and pore water pressure is 0.6-0.9 m,and the change process of volume water content and pore water pressure of shallow soil has obvious seasonal characteristics.In extreme rainfall,the volume water content presents three stages of“waiting for start-slow growth-stable”with time,while the pore water pressure sensor starts to change later and the growth time is shorter.The lateral cumulative displacement in deep slope decreases along the depth,and the main disturbance area is 2 m depth.

关 键 词：黄土高边坡 自然营力 水分迁移 体积含水率 孔隙水压力 

分 类 号：U213.13[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]