高校非独生子女与独生子女学生社会支持现状及其影响因素比较  

Comparison of social support and influencing factors between non-only-child and only-child students at colleges and universities

作　　者：张栋栋[1] 吉科一 陈玲[1] 朱玉 朋文佳 徐鹏远 ZHANG Dongdong;JI Keyi;CHEN Ling;ZHU Yu;PENG Wenjia;XU Pengyuan(Changzhou Hygiene Vocational Technology College,Changzhou 213000,Jiangsu,China;School of Public Health,Wannan Medical College,Wuhu 241002,Anhui,China;School of Public Health,Bengbu Medical University,Bengbu 233030,Anhui,China;Department of Physical Education,Hohai University Changzhou Campus,Changzhou 213200,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]常州卫生高等职业技术学校健康管理教研室,江苏常州213000 [2]皖南医学院公共卫生学院,安徽芜湖241002 [3]蚌埠医科大学公共卫生学院,安徽蚌埠233030 [4]河海大学常州校区体育教育系,江苏常州213200

出　　处：《中国校医》2024年第10期755-759,共5页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

基　　金：常州市教育科学“十三五”规划专项课题(CJK-Q2020095)。

摘　　要：目的了解高校非独生子女与独生子女学生社会支持的现状,并比较其影响因素,为提高高校学生社会支持水平提供依据。方法于2021年2—4月在江苏省和安徽省的6所高校采用整群抽样的方法选取研究对象,使用个人中心社会网络问卷、社会支持评定量表、社交焦虑量表和Beck抑郁自评量表等工具对研究对象的社会支持水平及影响因素进行调查,并采用多因素分析方法探索社会支持水平的影响因素,比较社会支持在非独生子女学生和独生子女学生中的现状及影响因素的差异。结果在2806名研究对象中,非独生子女学生1554人(55.4%),非独生子女学生的社会支持水平评价总分和主观支持维度分高于独生子女学生且差别有统计学意义。多因素logistic回归分析显示:社交焦虑(非独生子女:OR=1.807,95%CI:1.054~1.122;独生子女:OR=1.049,95%CI:1.016~1.083)、抑郁(非独生子女:OR=1.074,95%CI:1.050~1.099;独生子女:OR=1.095,95%CI:1.067~1.125)和个体局部中心度(非独生子女:OR=0.772,95%CI:0.718~0.830;独生子女:OR=0.783,95%CI:0.724~0.847)是影响2组学生社会支水平的共同因素,而单亲的家庭结构(OR=0.534,95%CI:0.299~0.953)和较好的家庭经济状况(OR=0.385,95%CI:0.243~0.609)则是非独生子女学生所特有的影响因素。结论高校学生中非独生子女与独生子女的社会支持水平存在差异,其影响因素既有相同的部分,也有各自独有的特征。在国家生育政策调整和社会家庭结构不断发生变化的大环境下,学校应当在关注学生共性的同时,有针对性地为学生提升社会支持水平和健康成长提供帮助。Objective This study investigated the current social support status among non-only-child and only-child students at colleges and universities,and compared factors influencing social support,to provide a basis for improving social support among college students.Methods The study was conducted from February to April of 2021 at six colleges and universities in Jiangsu Province and Anhui Province.The cluster sampling method was used to select the participants.Tools such as the Egocentric Social Network Questionnaire,Social Support Rating Scale,Anxiety Subscale of the Self-Consciousness Scale,and Beck Depression Inventory were used to investigate the level of social support and its influencing factors among participants.Multivariate analysis methods were used to explore the factors influencing social support levels,and to compare the current status and influencing factors of social support between non-only-child students and only-child students.Results Among 2806 participants,1554(55.4%)were non-only-children.The total score for social support level and the dimension of subjective support were higher among non-only-child students than only-child students.Multivariate logistic regression indicated that social anxiety(OR:1.807,95%CI:1.054-1.122 for non-only children;OR:1.049,95%CI:1.016-1.083 for only children),depression(OR:1.074,95%CI:1.050-1.099 for non-only children;OR:1.095,95%CI:1.067-1.125 for only children),and individual local centrality(OR:0.772,95%CI:0.718-0.830 for non-only-children;OR:0.783,95%CI:0.724-0.847 for only children)were the common factors affecting social support among students in both groups.A single-parent family structure(OR:0.534,95%CI:0.299-0.953)and better family economic status(OR:0.385,95%CI:0.243-0.609)were unique influencing factors for non-only-child students.Conclusions We observed differences in levels of social support between non-only-child and only-child students at colleges.The influencing factors included both common aspects and unique characteristics.In the context of adjustmen

关 键 词：高校学生 非独生子女 独生子女 社会支持 影响因素 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]