中国与全球癌症发病、死亡和患病对比及其预测分析:GLOBOCAN 2022数据解读  

Comparison and predictive analysis of cancer incidence,mortality,prevalence in China and Globally:an interpretation of GLOBOCAN 2022

作　　者：滕熠 张晓丹 夏昌发 陈万青 TENG Yi;ZHANG Xiaodan;XIA Changfa;CHEN Wanqing(Office of Cancer Screening,National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100021,China)

机构地区：[1]国家癌症中心/国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心/中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院癌症早诊早治办公室,北京100021

出　　处：《中华肿瘤防治杂志》2024年第23期1413-1420,共8页Chinese Journal of Cancer Prevention and Treatment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82273721);首都卫生发展科研专项(2024-1G-4023)。

摘　　要：目的基于2024年2月国际癌症研究机构发布的最新全球癌症统计数据——GLOBOCAN 2022数据库,探讨癌症流行情况和变迁模式,为癌症防控策略的调整和医疗卫生资源的合理分配提供依据。方法针对GLOBALCAN 2022数据进行解读,描述癌症疾病负担现况与变化趋势预测,并对中国和全球疾病负担情况进行对比分析。结果2022年,全球有1874万癌症新发病例和967万癌症死亡病例,中国有478万癌症新发病例和256万癌症死亡病例。全球常见癌症类型依次为乳腺癌、前列腺癌、肺癌、结直肠癌和宫颈癌,分别占全球癌症发病例数的12.3%、7.8%、13.2%、10.3%和3.5%;死亡率高的癌症类型为肺癌、乳腺癌、结直肠癌、肝癌和前列腺癌,分别占全球癌症死亡例数的18.8%、6.9%、9.3%、7.8%和4.1%。中国高发癌症类型为肺癌、乳腺癌、甲状腺癌、结直肠癌和肝癌,分别占中国癌症发病例数的22.2%、7.5%、9.8%、10.8%和7.7%;死亡率高的癌症类型为肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结直肠癌和食管癌,分别占中国癌症死亡例数的28.6%、12.4%、10.2%、9.4%和7.3%。中国与全球的癌症模式存在一定差异,甲状腺癌和肝癌在中国发病率较高,分别占全球对应癌种发病例数的56.8%和42.4%;食管癌和胃癌在中国的死亡率较高,分别占全球对应癌种死亡例数的42.1%和39.4%。基于人口统计学的预测表明:至2050年,全球癌症新发病例增长至3260万,癌症死亡病例增长至1690万;中国新发病例增长至708万,死亡病例增长至450万。结论中国癌症负担较重,完善癌症防治体系、进行危险因素综合防控、推动癌症筛查和早诊早治、实现健康老龄化等措施,对于减轻癌症负担至关重要。Objective Based on the latest global cancer statistics released by the International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC)in February 2024—the GLOBOCAN 2022 database,this paper aims to explore the epidemic situation and trend of cancer and provide a basis for adjusting cancer prevention and control strategies and rationally allocating medical and health resources.Methods This study interpreted the newly released GLOBOCAN 2022 data to describe the profiles of cancer burden and predictive trends,and further compared and analyzed the cancer burden between China and the global.Results In 2022,there were 18.74 million new cancer cases and 9.67 million cancer-related deaths globally,with China accounting for 4.78 million new cases and 2.56 million deaths.The most common cancer types worldwide were breast cancer,prostate cancer,lung cancer,colorectal cancer,and cervical cancer,representing 12.3%,7.8%,13.2%,10.3%,and 3.5%of global all-combined cancer new cases,respectively.The cancers with the highest mortality rates were lung cancer,breast cancer,colorectal cancer,liver cancer,and prostate cancer,accounting for 18.8%,6.9%,9.3%,7.8%,and 4.1%of global cancer deaths,respectively.In China,the cancers with the highest incidence rates were lung cancer,breast cancer,thyroid cancer,colorectal cancer,and liver cancer,accounting for 22.2%,7.5%,9.8%,10.8%,and 7.7%of cancer incidence in China.The highest mortality rates in China were lung cancer,liver cancer,gastric cancer,colorectal cancer,and esophageal cancer,accounting for 28.6%,12.4%,10.2%,9.4%,and7.3%of cancer deaths,respectively.Notably,cancer patterns in China differed from global trends,with higher incidences of thyroid and liver cancers(Chinese thyroid and liver cancer cases accounted for 56.8%and 42.4%of the global cancer new cases,respectively)and higher mortality rates from esophageal and gastric cancers(Chinese esophageal and stomach cancer deaths accounted for 42.1%and 39.4%of global cancer deaths,respectively).By 2050,global new cancer cases will rise to 32.6 millio

关 键 词：GLOBOCAN 2022 癌症 发病率 死亡率 全球 中国 

分 类 号：R730.1[医药卫生—肿瘤]