老年人力资源开发的国际实践及中国应对  

International Practices of Elderly Human Resource Development and China's Response

作　　者：田永坡[1] 蔡梦莹 Tian Yongpo;Cai Mengying

机构地区：[1]中国人事科学研究院人力资源市场与流动管理研究室

出　　处：《经济研究参考》2025年第1期90-104,共15页Review of Economic Research

基　　金：人社部部级课题“人力资源开发立法重点问题研究”(No.RS202406)。

摘　　要：实施老年人力资源开发,是我国适应、引领人口发展新常态,塑造素质优良、规模宏大、结构合理的人力资源的重要内容。从全球实践看,加强老年人力资源开发,正在成为全球各国积极应对人口老龄化挑战重要策略之一。韩国和新加坡作为人口老龄化程度比较严重的国家,在老年人力资源开发方面实施了一系列政策并进行了相关探索。本文以这两个国家的实践为研究对象,分析了其老龄化进程、政策及特点,结果发现:第一,这两个国家在老年人力资源开发方面,均形成了相对完善的法律保障;第二,在国家层面设有专门的工作机构,协调政府各个部门和社会各界共同推进老年人力资源开发;第三,发挥各类社会主体的协同作用。我国可以结合这些经验,立足人口发展趋势,形成中国特色的老年人力资源开发体系。The implementation of elderly human resource development is an important aspect of China's adaptation to and leadership in the new normal of demographic development.It is also crucial for shaping a high-quality,large-scale,and well-structured human resource base.From a global perspective,strengthening elderly human resource development is becoming one of the key strategies adopted by various countries to actively address the challenges of population aging.Republic of Korea and Singapore,as countries with relatively severe aging populations,have implemented a series of policies and conducted relevant explorations in elderly human resource development.This paper focuses on the practices of these two countries,analyzing their aging processes,policies,and characteristics.The findings are as follows:first,both countries have established relatively comprehensive legal guarantees for elderly human resource development;second,they have set up specialized institutions at the national level to coordinate the efforts of various government departments and society to advance elderly human resource development;third,they leverage the collaborative role of various social actors.China can draw on these experiences and based on population development trends,establish a human resource development system for the elderly with Chinese characteristics.

关 键 词：老年人力资源 积极老龄化 技能 就业 

分 类 号：D669.6[政治法律—政治学] F249.2[政治法律—中外政治制度]