基于转录组挖掘野生和栽培余甘子类黄酮生物合成关键基因  

Identification of Key Genes Involved in Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Wild and Cultivated Phyllanthus emblica Based on Transcriptome Analysis

作　　者：李永宁 王双宜 赵琦[2] 李锐[2] 高继海[1] 侯飞侠[1] Li Yongning;Wang Shuangyi;Zhao Qi;Li Rui;Gao Jihai;Hou Feixia(State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu,611137,China;Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant,Chengdu University,Chengdu,610106,China)

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学西南特色中药资源国家重点实验室,四川成都611137 [2]成都大学川藏特色药用植物资源开发利用工程研究中心,四川成都610106

出　　处：《成都中医药大学学报》2025年第1期28-35,共8页Journal of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：四川省科技厅项目(QJRC2022029);中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302);西南特色中药资源多维评价多学科交叉创新团队(ZYYCXTD-D-202209);川藏特色药用植物余甘子的种质收集与评价研究(2022CZ001)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨野生和栽培余甘子类黄酮代谢差异的分子机制,挖掘二者间类黄酮合成差异的关键酶基因。方法:以四川野生余甘子和广东栽培余甘子果实和叶片为实验材料,用Illumina NovaSeq 6000测序平台进行转录组测序,通过Nr、基因本体(GO)、京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)数据库注释分析比较两种余甘子转录组的差异,筛选出类黄酮合成途径的关键酶。结果:共得到81378条Unigene,N50长度为1573 bp。Nr数据库注释发现余甘子与橡胶树的同源性最高,KEGG富集分析表明,相比栽培余甘子,类黄酮合成通路中CHS、CHI、FLS、DFR和LAR主要在野生余甘子果和叶中上调。结论:共鉴定出81个参与类黄酮生物合成途径的基因,其中CHS、FLS、LAR可能是余甘子调控黄酮类化合物积累的关键基因。参与类黄酮合成途径的CHI、CHS、FLS、LAR等关键基因均主要在野生余甘子组织中上调表达,导致野生余甘子黄酮类产物含量高于栽培余甘子,野生环境下干旱和高紫外辐射可能影响余甘子组织中黄酮类化合物的积累模式。Objective:The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the differences in flavonoid metabolism between wild and cultivated Phyllanthus emblica fruits,with a focus on identifying key enzyme genes responsible for the disparities in flavonoid biosynthesis between these two variants.Methods:The experiment utilized fruits and leaves from wild Phyllanthus emblica specimens in Sichuan and"Bin Tian"cultivated counterparts from Guangdong.Transcriptome sequencing was carried out using the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform.The transcriptomes of the two Phyllanthus emblica types were compared by annotating them against databases including Nr,Gene Ontology(GO),and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG),aiming to single out critical enzymes in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway.Results:We obtained 81378 unigenes with an N50 length of 1573bp.Annotation against the Nr database revealed the highest homology between Phyllanthus emblica and rubber trees.KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that,in comparison to the cultivated variant,CHS,CHI,FLS,DFR,LAR in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway were upregulated in the fruits and leaves of the wild variant.Conclusion:In the study,81 genes implicated in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway were identified within Phyllanthus emblica,with CHS,FLS,and LAR emerging as critical regulators of flavonoid accumulation.Notably,these regulatory genes,including CHI,CHS,FLS,and LAR,were significantly upregulated in wild Phyllanthus emblica,leading to superior flavonoid levels compared to cultivated varieties.Environmental stresses,such as drought and high UV exposure,likely modulate flavonoid profiles in Phyllanthus emblica tissues.

关 键 词：余甘子 野生 栽培 类黄酮 生物合成途径 

分 类 号：R285[医药卫生—中药学] R282[医药卫生—中医学]