渔具水动力数值模拟研究进展  

Review of numerical simulation of fishing gear hydrodynamics

作　　者：李非[1] 花传祥[1,2] 宋利明 朱清澄[1,2] LI Fei;HUA Chuanxiang;SONG Liming;ZHU Qingcheng(College of Marine Living Resource Sciences and Management,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Engineering Research Centre for Oceanic Fisheries,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋生物资源与管理学院,上海201306 [2]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2024年第10期1259-1272,共14页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2401302)。

摘　　要：计算机数值模拟是渔具水动力学研究的重要方法,可直观呈现不同作业工况下渔具运动、形态、载荷和周围流场特征。本研究梳理了渔具水动力数值模拟研究的发展历程和应用现状,重点归纳了数值模型的建立与仿真方法以及数值解析的算法与效率提升方式,提出了渔具水动力数值仿真存在的不足和建议。总结发现,渔具数值分析主要包括基于物理结构拓扑的动力学模型和基于CFD软件的流体力学模型仿真,刚性运动方程的数值求解方式有显式算法和隐式算法,降低单元节点数量和优化编程算法是提高解析速度的主要手段。建议今后研究应结合如海上非恒定流或不规则波、网囊渔获积聚等实际工况,以及网线编织结构、非线性形变等力学特性完善数值模型及参数,通过修正求解算法、优化节点拓扑和改进运算架构等加快数值计算效率,加强渔具、渔法、海况和渔获联合的运动及流场仿真,为渔具结构设计、渔法改进和水动力性能优化提供有效的研究方法。Numerical computer simulation is an important method to study the hydrodynamics of fishing gear,providing visualization of motion,morphology,loading,and surrounding flow characteristics under different operating conditions.Here,the research progress of hydrodynamics and the application of fishing gear based on numerical simulation were reviewed.Additionally,the development and simulation methods of numerical models,as well as solving algorithms and efficiency improvement approaches of numerical analyses were summarized in detail.Finally,the disadvantages and suggestions of numerical research on fishing gear hydrodynamics were put forward.The summary showed that the numerical analysis of fishing gear primarily involves the dynamics model based on the topology of physical structure and the hydrodynamic model based on computational fluid dynamics(CFD)software.Both explicit and implicit algorithms were used to calculate the rigid motion equations and reducing the number of elements and optimizing the programming algorithm were the main methods used to improve the computational efficiency.The review suggests that the numerical model and related parameters could be improved by combining with actual working conditions such as non-constant currents or irregular waves at sea,the accumulation of catch in the codend,as well as the mechanical properties affected by the braided structure and non-linear deformation of the mesh.Moreover,numerical computation efficiency could be improved by the modification of solution algorithms,optimization of node topology,and improvement of calculation frameworks.In addition,the coupled motion and flow simulation of fishing gear,fishing methods,sea condition,and catches should be strengthened,providing an efficient approach for designing netting configurations,improving operational technology,and optimizing fishing gear hydrodynamics.

关 键 词：水动力 数值模拟 数值解析 渔具 

分 类 号：S972[农业科学—捕捞与储运]