基于MPC的户用光-储系统容量配置及运行优化模型  

Capacity Allocation and Operation Optimization Model of Household Photovoltaic-Storage System Based on MPC

作　　者：齐国民 李天野 于洪 卢博伦 马宝中 张文欣 吴恩同 肖先瑶 QI Guomin;LI Tianye;YU Hong;LU Bolun;MA Baozhong;ZHANG Wenxin;WU Entong;XIAO Xianyao(East Inner Mongolia Power Exchange Center Company Ltd.,Hohhot 010010,China;School of Economics and Management,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古东部电力交易中心有限公司,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]华北电力大学经济与管理学院,北京102206

出　　处：《中国电力》2025年第1期185-195,共11页Electric Power

基　　金：国家电网内蒙古东部电力有限公司科技项目(匹配新型电力系统的多元化电源互动市场交易机制研究,526601230006)。

摘　　要：分布式光伏对于实现“双碳”目标和建设以新能源为主体的新型电力系统具有重要意义。研究了当前阶梯-峰谷电价体系下居民户用光-储系统的建设和运行问题。首先,介绍了户用光-储系统的结构和电价体系。其次,以户用光-储系统的投资成本和年运行维护费用最低为目标,建立了光伏和储能的最优容量配置模型,并在此基础上考虑阶梯-峰谷电价对用户长时间尺度用能策略的影响,提出了基于模型预测控制的户用光-储系统双层滚动优化运行算法。其中,上层模型为基于阶梯电价、以年综合收益最大为目标的年滚动优化,下层模型为基于峰谷电价、以日运行费用最低为目标的日滚动优化;下层模型中光伏和储能的运行方案以上层优化结果为参照,并修正由于不确定性因素导致的系统状态偏差。算例结果表明,所提算法可以推迟高阶梯电价的使用时刻,有效提高居民用户的整体收益。Distributed photovoltaic(PV)is crucial to meeting the"double carbon"objective and establishing new power system with new energy sources as the main body.This research examines home PV-storage system construction and operation under the present stepped-peak-valley tariff system.Firstly,the household PV-energy storage system structure and tariff system are introduced.Secondly,the optimal capacity allocation model of PV and storage is established to minimize the investment cost and annual operation and maintenance cost of the household PV-storage system.Then,and a two-layer rolling optimization operation algorithm based on model predictive control is proposed considering the stepped-peak-valley tariff's effect on users'long-term energy use strategy.Among them,the upper model maximizes annual integrated return using a stepwise tariff-based annual rolling optimization,and the lower model is a daily rolling optimization based on a peak-valley tariff with the objective of minimizing daily operating costs.In the lower model,the operation scheme of PV-energy storage is based on the optimization results of the upper model,corrects the system state deviation caused by uncertainty factors.Finally,the algorithm's simulation findings suggest that it can delay high electricity tariff utilization and increase residential customer revenue.

关 键 词：户用光-储系统 阶梯-峰谷电价体系 容量配置 模型预测控制 运行优化 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化] TM615