抗真菌靶标及潜在抗真菌药物的发现  

Discovery of Antifungal Targets and Potential Antifungal Drugs

作　　者：刘富菁 靳雪杨 常文强 Liu Fu-jing;Jin Xue-yang;Chang Wen-qiang(School of Pharmacy,Shandong University,Jinan 250000)

机构地区：[1]山东大学药学院,济南250000

出　　处：《国外医药(抗生素分册)》2024年第6期361-372,共12页World Notes on Antibiotics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:82273975)。

摘　　要：随着免疫功能低下人群增多,临床侵袭性真菌感染人数逐年增加,而有限的抗真菌药物种类和严峻的真菌耐药给临床真菌感染治疗带来了极大的挑战,发现抗真菌新靶标并开发新型抗真菌药物具有重要意义。本文综述了近年来针对细胞结构(细胞壁中几丁质、β-1,3葡聚糖、β-1,6葡聚糖、糖基磷脂酰肌醇;细胞膜中磷脂、鞘脂、麦角甾醇和海藻糖)、信号通路(钙调神经磷酸酶和MAPK通路)以及能量代谢(氧化磷酸化和乙醛酸循环)三个方面的抗真菌靶标及相应的抗真菌先导药物,并阐述了其在抗真菌感染中的优势及存在的问题,为解决临床真菌感染问题提供了参考。With the increase of the immunocompromised population,the incidence of clinical invasive fungal infections has been increasing annually.Treatment of clinical fungal infections is severely hampered by the narrow range of antifungal medications and the serious problem of drug resistance.Therefore,identifying new antifungal targets and developing novel antifungal agents are of great importance.This review summarizes recent advances in antifungal targets and corresponding lead antifungal agents in three aspects:cellular structures(chitin,β-1,3-glucan,β-1,6-glucan,and glycosylphosphatidylinositol in the cell wall,phospholipids,sphingolipids,ergosterol,and trehalose in the cell membrane),signaling pathways(calcineurin,MAPK pathway),and energy metabolism(oxidative phosphorylation,glyoxylate cycle).It offers guidance for resolving clinical fungal infection concerns by outlining their benefits and the current problems in fighting fungal infections.

关 键 词：真菌感染 抗真菌靶标 抗真菌药物 真菌耐药 药物发现 

分 类 号：R978.5[医药卫生—药品]