双式光栅位移传感环境下汽车轮间与轴间侧滑量一体化检测  

Integrated Detection Method for Lateral Slip Between Wheels and Axles of Automobiles Based on Dual Grating Displacement Sensing

作　　者：高加泉 金凤 GAO Jiaquan;JIN Feng(Jiangxi Modern Polytechnic College,Nanchang 330095,China;Test Training Base,National University of Defense Technology,Xi’an 710106,China)

机构地区：[1]江西现代职业技术学院,南昌330095 [2]国防科技大学试验训练基地,西安710106

出　　处：《机械设计与研究》2024年第6期258-262,269,共6页Machine Design And Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51325160)。

摘　　要：智能汽车的轮间与轴间侧滑量检测结果是衡量汽车安全的重要指标之一,也一直是机械测量领域的难点。本文在分析轮间侧滑、轴间侧滑的产生机理后,以双板分动式侧滑检测台为基础,结合计算机技术和双式光栅位移传感技术,设计了一种汽车车轮轮间与轴间侧滑量一体化检测方法。该方法在等臂轴滑板平移机构的差动板上安装透射式和反射式两种光栅,利用光栅传感器扫描这些光栅线,再通过衍生分光和合光获取包含相位变化的干涉信号,测量光栅形成相对位移,其反射的衍射光束的相位也会随之变化,这种变化对应相位变化。利用衍射等级与距离之间存在正相关性,计算轮间与轴间侧滑量大小。测试结果显示:该方法具有良好的汽车侧滑信号采集效果,输出的信号结果均在-0.60 V~+0.60 V的范围内,且信号传输稳定、连续,未发生波动和中断现象;该方法可以监测汽车直行和转弯等不同行驶状态下的轮间和轴间侧滑量,检测结果的示值重复性误差指标值均低于检定规定的0.1 m/km,并具有较好的可重复性,满足检定标准。The detection results of side slip between wheels and axles of intelligent vehicles are one of the important indicators for measuring vehicle safety,and have always been a difficulty in the field of mechanical measurement.After analyzing the mechanism of wheel to axle side slip and axle to axle side slip,this article designs an integrated detection method for automobile wheel to axle side slip based on a dual plate split motion side slip detection platform,combined with computer technology and dual grating displacement sensing technology.This method installs two types of gratings,transmission type and reflection type,on the differential plate of the equal arm axis sliding plate translation mechanism.The grating sensors are used to scan these grating lines,and then interference signals containing phase changes are obtained through derivative splitting and combining.The relative displacement of the grating is measured,and the phase of the reflected diffraction beam will also change accordingly,which corresponds to the phase change.Using the positive correlation between diffraction level and distance,the magnitude of lateral slip between wheels and axles is calculated.The test results show that this method can effectively collect vehicle sideslip signals,the output signal results are in the range of-0.60~+0.60 V,and the signal transmission is stable and continuous,without fluctuation and interruption.This method can monitor the lateral slip between wheels and between axles of vehicles in different driving states such as straight and turning.The repeatability error index values of the test results are lower than 0.1 m/km,indicating that this method meets the calibration standards.

关 键 词：智能汽车 轮间与轴间 侧滑量 透射式光栅 反射式光栅 位移传感器 一体化检测 

分 类 号：U467.3[机械工程—车辆工程]