儿童挑食行为的认知机制  

Cognitive factors influencing picky eating behavior in children

作　　者：刘豫 毕丹丹 赵凯宾 史怡明 Hanna Y.Adamseged 晋争[1,2] LIU Yu;BI Dandan;ZHAO Kaibin;SHI Yiming;Hanna YADAMSEGED;JIN Zheng(Henan International Joint Laboratory,Zhengzhou Normal University,Zhengzhou 450044,China;University of California,Davis,USA)

机构地区：[1]郑州师范学院河南省心理学国际联合实验室,郑州450044 [2]美国加州大学戴维斯分校,戴维斯

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2025年第2期305-321,共17页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(232102320151,242102321087,222102320009);河南省国际科技合作重点项目(241111520300);河南省哲学社会科学规划青年项目(2023CJY078)资助。

摘　　要：挑食是儿童营养不均衡的关键因素,应在儿童早期予以干预。挑食不仅受到社会、环境等外部因素影响,还和认知有关。挑食概念的三大要点是膳食结构缺乏多样性、对陌生食物排斥以及产生负面影响。儿童挑食行为的发展随年龄的增长先上升后下降。研究发现,儿童的感官特征、对食物的心理表征以及对奖惩的敏感度都和其挑食倾向密切相关。未来研究可以关注听觉、多感官通道的整合、信息加工偏向对儿童挑食行为的影响。此外,针对儿童挑食问题,可以设计基于感官特征的干预方式,还应考虑到感觉敏感性和奖惩敏感性等认知因素对干预方式选择的影响,并通过认知训练改善儿童对食物信息的注意和解释偏向。Picky eating in children raises concerns about nutritional adequacy and necessitates early intervention.While social and environmental factors are influential,cognitive processes also play a significant role in the shaping of children’s eating habits.Three key characteristics of picky eating are a lack of dietary diversity,the rejection of unfamiliar foods,and potential long-term negative impacts.This behavior typically peaks in early childhood before gradually diminishing.Research has shown that sensory attributes,cognitive representations of food,and sensitivity to rewards and punishments all affect picky eating tendencies in children.Future studies should explore the roles of auditory processing,cross-modal integration of diverse types of sensory information,and information processing biases with regard to children's eating behaviors.Additionally,cognitive factors such as sensory sensitivity and responsiveness to rewards and punishments should be incorporated into intervention studies targeting picky eating.Moreover,future research should develop interventions tailored to children's sensory attributes regarding food and utilize cognitive bias training to modify children's attentional and interpretation biases related to food.

关 键 词：挑食 新食物恐惧症 儿童 认知过程 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] R395[哲学宗教—心理学]