2000—2023年我国隧道瓦斯事故统计分析  

Statistical analysis of tunnel gas accidents from 2000 to 2023 in China

作　　者：李峥胤 李树清 易明浩 赵天哲 钱运来 LI Zhengyin;LI Shuqing;YI Minghao;ZHAO Tianzhe;QIAN Yunlai(School of Resource,Environment and Safety Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan Hunan 411201,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2025年第1期94-100,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52474221);2022年度湖南省交通运输科技项目(202243)。

摘　　要：为了有效防控隧道瓦斯事故,基于2000—2023年21起我国国内(不含港澳台)隧道瓦斯事故统计数据,从时间、类型、地域、等级以及事故致因“2-4”模型,共5个维度分析隧道瓦斯事故发展规律及特征。研究结果表明:5月、9月和11月是隧道瓦斯事故高发期,隧道瓦斯事故类型以瓦斯爆炸为主,四川、贵州和重庆是隧道瓦斯事故高发地区,隧道瓦斯事故等级以一般事故为主,防控特别重大事故是降低死亡率的关键;支护措施设计或管理不当、线路短路或老化、瓦斯监测监控设备故障是导致隧道瓦斯事故主要的直接原因;安全意识不高和安全心理不佳产生的侥幸心理是最为突出的间接原因;根本原因主要是安全检查制度执行不到位;根源原因是安全文化建设不足,9类安全文化元素欠缺;同时,针对隧道瓦斯事故发展规律及事故致因,提出有效预防对策及措施。研究结果可为防控隧道瓦斯事故提供参考。To effectively prevention and control the tunnel gas accidents,based on the statistical data of 21 tunnel gas accidents in domestic in our country(excluding Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan)from 2000 to 2023,the development laws and characteristics of tunnel gas accidents were analyzed from five dimensions:the“2-4”model based on time,type,region,level,and accident causation.The results show that May,September,and November are the peak periods of tunnel gas accidents.The gas explosion is the main type of tunnel gas accident.Sichuan,Guizhou,and Chongqing are the regions with high incidence of tunnel gas accidents.The grade of tunnel gas accidents is dominated by general accidents,and the prevention and control of special major accidents is the key to reduce the mortality rate.Improper designor management of support measures,short-circuiting or aging of lines,and failure of gas monitoring equipment are the main direct causes of tunnel gas accidents.The fluke psychology caused by low safety awareness and poor safety psychology is the more prominent indirect cause.The radical cause is that the safety inspection system is not in place.The root cause is the lack of safety culture construction,with lacking of 9 types of safety culture elements.At the same time,according to the development laws of the tunnel gas accident and the accident causation,the effective prevention countermeasures were put forward.The research results can provide reference for the prevention and control of tunnel gas accidents.

关 键 词：隧道 瓦斯事故 统计分析 事故致因 “2-4”模型 

分 类 号：X928[环境科学与工程—安全科学]