外源褪黑素对受渍芝麻幼苗生长及抗氧化代谢的影响  

Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Growth and Antioxidant Metabolism of Waterlogged Sesame(Sesamum indicum L.)Seedlings

作　　者：卢维娜 何斌 万泽华 方圣 LU Weina;HE Bin;WAN Zehua;FANG Sheng(College of Agronomy,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330045)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《核农学报》2025年第3期624-632,共9页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金项目(20232BAB215032)。

摘　　要：为探究不同浓度褪黑素对苗期受渍芝麻(Sesamum indicum L.)的影响,本研究以鄱阳黑为试验材料,采用盆栽试验,在渍水胁迫下设置6个浓度(0、50、100、200、400、800μmol·L^(-1),分别记为M0、M1、M2、M3、M4、M5)褪黑素喷施处理,以正常供水为对照(CK),调查芝麻幼苗的叶片生理指标、根系形态变化,并采用主成分分析和隶属函数法对芝麻幼苗的耐渍性进行综合评价。结果表明,与对照相比,渍水胁迫下各处理芝麻幼苗生长受到抑制,总根长、根表面积和根体积分别平均减少38.42%、30.28%和7.51%;叶片MDA和H_(2)O_(2)含量平均显著增加62.71%和108.99%。同时,与对照相比,渍水处理SOD、CAT活性和脯氨酸含量显著提高,POD活性和可溶性蛋白含量降低;喷施褪黑素可缓解渍害对芝麻幼苗的抑制作用,主要表现为提高幼苗总根长、根表面积、根直径和根体积,降低膜质过氧化损害程度。与M0相比,M1和M2处理叶片MDA、H2O2含量分别下降13.02%~24.17%、13.94%~25.81%,SOD、POD和CAT活性分别上升22.19%~16.59%、36.47%~74.84%和3.26%~13.76%,可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量分别增加47.68%~48.67%和22.46%~33.25%。主成分分析和隶属函数综合评价结果显示,耐渍性强弱表现为M2>M1>M3>M4>M5>M0,以100μmol·L^(-1)褪黑素处理(M2)对受渍芝麻幼苗的缓解效果最好。综上,叶面喷施褪黑素溶液能有效缓解渍水胁迫对芝麻幼苗造成的损伤,清除植株体内过量的有毒物质,维持细胞膜结构的稳定性和渗透平衡,从而提高芝麻幼苗的耐渍性。本研究结果为提高芝麻耐渍性提供了理论依据。To explore the effects of different concentrations of melatonin(MT)on waterlogged sesame at seedling stage,a pot experiment was carried out.Poyanghei was used as the experimental material to explore the impacts of MT(0,50,100,200,400,800μmol·L^(-1),recorded as M0,M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,respectively)on change of leaf physiological indexes and root morphology of sesame seedlings.The normal watering was set as control(CK).The principal component analysis and membership function method were used to comprehensively evaluate the waterlogging tolerance of sesame seedlings.The results showed that,compared with CK,the growth of waterlogged sesame seedlings was inhibited as total root length,root surface area and root volume,which averagely decreased by 38.42%,30.28%and 7.51%,respectively.The MDA and H_(2)O_(2) content in leaf were averagely increased by 62.71%and 108.99%.Meanwhile,compared with CK,the SOD and CAT activities,and Pro content were increased,whereas POD activity and SP content were decreased in response to waterlogging.MT alleviated the inhibition effect of waterlogging on sesame seedlings mainly by increased total root length,root surface area,root diameter,root volume,and the antioxidant enzyme activity,which resulted in reduced degree of membrane peroxidation damage.Compared with M0,M1 and M2 significantly decreased MDA and H2O2 content by 13.02%-24.17%and 13.94%-25.81%,while SOD,POD and CAT activities significantly increased by 22.19%-16.59%,36.47%-74.84%and 3.26%-13.76%.SP content was significantly increased by 47.68%-48.67%and Pro increased by 22.46%-33.25%.Based on PCA and membership function comprehensive evaluation,it was concluded that the waterlogging tolerance of sesame seedlings treated with MT under waterlogging stress was in the order of M2>M1>M3>M4>M5>M0.The optimum concentration of MT applied to sesame seedlings to effectively mitigate the waterlogging stress is observed in M2(100μmol·L^(-1)).In conclusion,MT can effectively mitigate the oxidative damage mainly by eliminating excessive toxic subs

关 键 词：芝麻 褪黑素 渍水 抗氧化酶 渗透调节物质 

分 类 号：S565.3[农业科学—作物学]