权衡与调整:战后日本天皇制处理问题上的英国作用  

Balancing and Adjusting:Britain's Role in Handling the Post-War Japanese Emperor System

作　　者：龚娜[1] Gong Na

机构地区：[1]天津社会科学院亚太合作与发展研究所,天津300191

出　　处：《外国问题研究》2024年第4期71-83,157,共14页FOREIGN HISTORY STUDIES

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“近代以来日本的‘世界史’话语体系构建与历史认识问题研究”(编号:22BSS053)。

摘　　要：英国在战后日本天皇制处理问题上发挥了至关重要的作用,其决策过程展现出了多方面的权衡与调整。英国外交部在处理这一问题时采取了谨慎立场,建议保留天皇制,这一提议基于对政治制度认同、治理成本和国际战略目标等多重因素的考量。面对美国提出的直接统治和全面占领日本的方案,英国强调通过现有日本统治机构进行间接统治,以降低治理成本并保持社会稳定。英美两国在天皇制处理上的立场通过多次会谈和交流逐步协调,在《波茨坦公告》的修正过程中,英国成功推动了限制占领区、推行间接统治以及删除有关天皇制的内容等关键变动。英国在处理天皇制问题上的权衡与调整,反映了其在复杂国际局势中的策略性操作和灵活决断,对战后日本的政治结构与历史进程产生了深远影响。Britain played a crucial role in handling the post-war Japanese Emperor system,with its decision-making process reflecting a multifaceted balancing and adjustment.The British Foreign Ofice adopted a cautious stance on this issue,recommending the retention of the Emperor system based on considerations of political stability,governance costs,and international strategic objectives.In response to the American proposal for direct rule and full occupation of Japan,Britain emphasized the importance of maintaining indirect control through existing Japanese governing structures to reduce governance costs and maintain social stability.The positions of the U.S.and Britain on the Emperor system gradually converged through multiple meetings and exchanges.During the revision of the Potsdam Declaration,Britain successfully influenced key changes,such as limiting the occupation zone,promoting indirect governance,and deleting references to the Emperor system.Britain's balancing and adjustment in addressing the Emperor system issue reflect its strategic maneuvering and fexible decision-making in a complex international context,significantly impacting Japan's post-war political structure and historical trajectory.

关 键 词：战后日本 天皇制 英国外交 《波茨坦公告》 英美关系 

分 类 号：F27[经济管理—企业管理]