持续性视觉注意对视觉工作记忆项目优先加工的影响  

Influence of sustained visual attention on the prioritization of visual working memory

作　　者：连浩敏 张倩[1] 谷雪敏 李寿欣[1] LIAN Haomin;ZHANG Qian;GU Xuemin;LI Shouxin(School of Psychology,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250358,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学心理学院,济南250358

出　　处：《心理学报》2025年第2期191-206,共16页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技创新2030重大项目子课题(2021ZD0203800)资助。

摘　　要：采用行为实验、事件相关电位和事件相关光信号联合采集技术,通过操纵视觉工作记忆(VWM)项目的检测概率变化VWM项目加工的优先性,探讨持续性视觉注意对VWM项目优先加工的影响是否受到工作记忆资源的调节,以及VWM项目优先加工的神经基础。行为结果显示,在VWM保持阶段插入消耗视觉注意的任务,当优先加工1个项目时,非优先项目受到干扰,而优先项目不受影响;当优先加工2个项目时,优先与非优先项目均受到干扰。事件相关电位和事件相关光信号结果显示,在VWM保持阶段,与无项目优先加工相比,存在项目优先加工时诱发更大的晚期正成分和负慢波,更高激活额叶和枕叶。这表明,持续性视觉注意对VWM项目优先加工的作用受到工作记忆资源的调节,VWM项目优先加工的潜在机制是在保持阶段激活额叶和枕叶,并投入更多的工作记忆资源,增强优先项目的表征稳定性。Individuals prioritize certain important information based on task demands,which facilitates the processing of prioritized Visual Working Memory(VWM)items.However,the role of sustained visual attention in VWM prioritization remains unclear.Some evidence suggests that visual attention is involved in VWM prioritization,while other evidence indicates a dissociation between visual attention and VWM prioritization.Considering the variability in the number of items across VWM tasks in previous studies,this study examined whether the role of sustained visual attention in VWM prioritization was modulated by working memory resources.When working memory resources were insufficient,sustained visual attention was required to maintain the prioritized item,while it was not required when working memory resources were sufficient.Additionally,we investigated the neural basis of VWM prioritization using the simultaneous acquisition technique of event-related potentials and event-related optical signals(ERP-EROS).Our study included five experiments,with 24,23,24,24,and 17 Chinese participants in Experiments 1a,1b,1c,2,and 3,respectively.In Experiments 1 and 2,a recall report paradigm was used.Participants performed VWM tasks with one prioritized item in Experiment 1 and two prioritized items in Experiment 2.Additionally,across Experiments 1 and 2,participants performed a visual attention task during the VWM maintenance phase.In Experiment 3,we employed a change detection paradigm.Participants completed VWM tasks with no prioritized item and with one prioritized item,and their brain activity under these different prioritization conditions was recorded.In Experiment 1,participants were instructed to prioritize one VWM item.Visual attention was consumed by single visual attention task(Exp.1a)and double visual attention task(Exp.1b).Furthermore,visual attention was consumed by manipulating the durations of task presentation(early vs.late;Exp.1c).The results consistently indicated that the memory accuracy of non-prioritized items was di

关 键 词：视觉工作记忆 视觉注意 优先加工 事件相关光信号 联合采集 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]