氨基酸基材料在基因与药物传递领域的应用  

Amino Acid-based Materials for Gene and Drug Delivery

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作  者:漆李矜 黄琪杨 高晴妤 韩笛 廖馨茹 张先正[1] 程巳雪[1] Li-jin Qi;Qi-yang Huang;Qin-yu Gao;Di Han;Xin-ru Liao;Xian-zheng Zhang;Si-xue Cheng(Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education,Department of Chemistry,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072)

机构地区:[1]生物医用高分子材料教育部重点实验室,武汉大学化学与分子科学学院,武汉430072

出  处:《高分子学报》2025年第1期1-25,共25页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基  金:国家自然科学基金基础科学中心项目(基金号51988102)资助.

摘  要:氨基酸基材料如聚氨基酸、多肽、蛋白等具有独特的理化性质、生物活性和良好的生物相容性,在生物医学领域展现出广泛的应用前景,尤其在基因与药物传递领域.本文介绍了不同类型的氨基酸基材料包括聚氨基酸、多肽、蛋白及其功能化衍生物在基因和药物传递中的应用及研究进展,简述了氨基酸基传递载体与其他材料比较的优势,总结了常见的提高氨基酸基载体性能的策略,重点分析了这些材料在促进基因与药物传递及提高疾病疗效方面的作用和机制,包括通过优化载体材料的结构与性能提高基因及药物传递效率;利用载体材料实现组织、细胞及细胞器的靶向递送、刺激响应性递送;提高载体克服细胞外及细胞内传递屏障的能力等.指出了本领域所面临的问题和挑战,提出了对材料研发及实际应用的建议和思路.Amino acid-based materials,including poly(amino acids),peptides,and proteins,possess distinct physicochemical properties,biological activities,and exceptional biocompatibility,rendering them highly attractive for diverse biomedical applications,particularly in gene and drug delivery.This article provides a comprehensive overview of the applications and recent research progress of amino acid-based materials and their functional derivatives in gene and drug delivery,highlighting the advantages of these carriers over conventional materials.Common strategies aimed at enhancing the efficacy of amino acid-based gene and drug delivery vectors are summarized,with a focus on the mechanisms through which these materials facilitate gene and drug delivery to improve therapeutic outcomes.Key strategies include the optimization of carrier material structures and properties to improve delivery efficiency,the achievement of targeted delivery to specific tissues,cells,and organelles,and the development of approaches to overcome extracellular and intracellular delivery barriers.Specifically,three categories of amino acid-based materials for gene and drug delivery are discussed.For poly(amino acids),modification strategies to enhance their performance such as copolymerization,creation of hyperbranched structures,functional modification,combination with other polymer moieties,and incorporation of functional moieties are introduced.For peptides,various types of peptides including cell-penetrating peptides,nuclear localization signals,targeting peptides,stimulus-responsive peptides,chimeric peptides/fusion peptides,and de novo designed peptides are introduced,highlighting their roles in improving gene and drug delivery efficiency.For proteins,nucleic acid-binding proteins,positively charged proteins,protein nanocages for gene delivery,and naturally sourced proteins for drug delivery are presented.By addressing current challenges and issues in this field,recommendations and insights for future material development and practical applica

关 键 词:聚氨基酸 多肽 蛋白 传递载体 基因与药物传递 

分 类 号:R943[医药卫生—药剂学]

 

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