漳浦县绿竹笋用林高产培育关键技术研究  

Studies on the Key Techniques for High-Yield Cultivation of Bamboo Shoot Forests of Bambusa Oldhamii in Zhangpu County

作　　者：朱艺娟 Zhu Yijuan(Zhangpu County Nature Reserve and Wildlife Protection Workstation,Zhangpu 363200,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]漳州市漳浦县自然保护地与野生动植物保护工作站,福建漳浦363200

出　　处：《绿色科技》2024年第23期49-53,共5页Journal of Green Science and Technology

摘　　要：以漳浦县南浦乡绿竹笋用林为研究对象,采取随机区组试验设计方法,开展竹林立竹结构管理、断梢促笋、水肥管理等技术措施试验。结果表明:绿竹林合理控制立竹年龄比例和组成,即6~8株/丛,1年生∶2年生=2∶1,有利于最大化整体的养分利用效率,提高笋产量和出笋数量;头水新笋断梢方法明显促进了当年生竹蔸的笋芽发育,断梢单株的笋产量比未断梢处理的增产了2.1倍;竹林喷灌措施比对照(未喷灌)的出笋个数增加了54.4%,鲜笋重增加了35.8%;在施用复合肥+尿素基础上,增施农家肥能够有效提高单丛竹笋个数和产量,出笋个数增加了7.2%,鲜笋重增加了41.5%,鲜笋个体大、肉质较软,并改良了栽培土壤酸碱度和疏松度。绿竹笋用林高产培育应采取控制立竹结构,及时断梢促萌,水肥管理到位,除草培土,病虫害防治等综合技术措施。Taking the green bamboo shoot forest in Nanpu Township of Zhangpu County as the research object,the management of bamboo structures,shoot cutting and shoot promotion,water and fertilizer management were carried out.The results showed that reasonable control of age proportion and composition of bamboo stands,i.e.6~7 plants/clump,1A:2A=2:1,was beneficial to the maximization of nutrient use efficiency and the increase of shoot yield and shoot number;The shoot-breaking method of new shoot in TOUSHUI obviously promoted the shoot-bud development of the current bamboo stump,and the shoot yield of the single shoot-breaking plant increased by 2.1 times than that of the unbroken shoot treatment;The number of shoots and the weight of fresh shoots increased by 54.4%and 35.8%respectively;On the basis of applying compound fertilizer and urea,the number and yield of single cluster bamboo shoot increased by 7.2%and the weight of fresh bamboo shoot increased by 41.5%,and improved the soil ph and porosity.The high-yield management of bamboo shoot forest should adopt such technical measures as controlling the structure of bamboo,cutting off shoots in time to promote germination,managing water and fertilizer properly,weeding and cultivating soil,and pest control.

关 键 词：绿竹笋 高产培育 立竹结构 断梢促笋 水肥管理 

分 类 号：S795.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]